Capsicum Kurima Techniques, Kurima Maitiro
Ruzivo rwunotevera rwuri maererano neColoured Capsicum Farming Techniques, Mazano, Mazano uye Maitirwo Ekurima.
Nhanganyaya:
Colored capsicum iyo inozivikanwawo se "inotapira mhiripiri” kana kuti “bhero mhiripiri” ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvakakosha miti zvirimwa inorimwa mumagreenhouses uye kune imwe nhanho pasi mumvuri net Imba munzvimbo dzinopisa seBangalore, Pune, etc. Yakapfuma muvhitamini-A, C uye zvicherwa. Kurimwa kweCapsicum kwakakurumbira zvikuru muPeri-Urban production systems nekuda kwekuwana nyore kumisika yemaguta muIndia seBangalore, Hyderabad, Pune, etc. Iri kuwedzerawo kukosha munharaunda yeGoa nekuda kwemusika wakagadzirira unowanikwa gore rose. Inotengeswa chero chinhu chiri pakati peRs.80- ISO/kg zvichienderana neruvara, kunaka uye mwaka, nezvimwewo. Goho reCapsicum mumunda wekurima riri pakati pe20-40t/ha, nepo greenhouse goho rinobva pa100-120 tonnes/ha.https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_317413672https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_317413674https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_317413676https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_317413678https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_317413680
Verenga: Zvakanakira Kurima Kutenderera.
Yakakodzera Mamiriro ekunze eCapsicum:
Capsicum chirimwa chemwaka unotonhorera uye tembiricha yemasikati isingasviki 30°C ikanakira kukura negoho. Asi nekuda kwekuunzwa kwehuwandu hwakanaka hwemahybrids ane kuchinjika kwakafara, anogona kurimwa zvakanaka munzvimbo inodziya seGoa state. Asi tembiricha yakakwirira kwazvo inokonzeresa kukura kwechirimwa nekukurumidza uye kunokanganisa muchero set. Tembiricha yakaderera yehusiku inofarira maruva uye seti yemichero. Saka, kudyara munaGunyana-Gumiguru muGoa kuchaenderana nemamiriro ekunze akapfava panguva yemaruva uye fruiting kureva Mbudzi-Kukadzi. Shading inodiwa munguva yezhizha kudzivirira tembiricha inokwira mumagreenhouse.
Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvekudyara zveCapsicum kugadzirwa
- Zvinhu zvekudyara zvinofanirwa kuve zvine hutano, zvinopesana nezvirwere & zvipembenene.
- Zera rembeu rinofanira kuva nemazuva makumi matatu nemashanu kusvika makumi mana.
- Kureba kwembesa kunofanira kuva 16 - 20 cm.
- Chirimwa chinofanirwa kunge chine yakanaka rooting system.
- Mbesa inofanira kuva nemashizha anokwana 4 - 6 padzinde panguva yekudyara.
Humwe hunhu hwakaita sechimiro chemichero, ruvara rwemichero, kugadzirwa, mhando yemuchero, uye simba zvinofanirwa kutariswa paunenge uchisarudza chirimwa chemhando yakanaka yecapsicum.
Mhando dzeCapsicum dzakarimwa muIndia:
S.No. | Kusiyana-siyana | Colour |
1 | Bomby | Tsvuku |
2 | Orobelle | Yero |
3 | Indra | Girinhi |
Mibhedha yekukura uye Ivhu sterilization:
Ivhu mukati me polyhouse inoregedzerwa kusvika pakureruka kwakanaka uye ipapo mibhedha inoumbwa pahupamhi 75 cm ne 45 cm kureba uye ichisiya 45 cm nzvimbo yekushanda pakati pemibhedha miviri. Pamberi pekugadzirwa kwemubhedha, yakaora zvakanaka organic mupfudze kana Vermicompost pamwe nejecha, sawdust inowedzerwa muvhu @ 10kg per m2. Mibhedha yakanyoroveswa ne4% formaldehyde (4litres/m2 yemubhedha) uye yakafukidzwa ne polythene sheet kwemazuva 3-5. Pashure pacho, polythene inobviswa; mibhedha inodzorwa kakawanda zuva rega rega kubvisa utsi hwakavharirwa formaldehyde zvachose usati wadyarwa.
Kudyara, kuchekerera, uye kudzidziswa kweCapsicum zvirimwa:
Verenga: Veneer Grafting Maitiro.
Mbesa dzakagadzirira kudyarwa papatsanu ye 60cm pakati pemitsara se paired row system nekuchengeta masendimita makumi matatu pakati pemiti pamibhedha yakasimudzwa. Musati madyarwa, mbesa dzinomwaya mishonga yeImidacloprid (30mVl) kudzivirira tumbuyu tunoyamwa mupolyhouse.
Mubhedha unofanirwa kudiridzwa nemvura uye ugare wakanyorova panguva yekudyara. Capsicum seeding inofanira kudyarwa mumitsara miviri pamibhedha yakasimudzwa. Kudyara kwecapsicum kunogonawo kuitwa pamubhedha wakasimudzwa nepurasitiki mulch kuitira kuchengetedza mvura uye kutarisa kukura kwesora. Kudiridza mubhedha kunoitwa zuva nezuva ne akasimuka inogona kusvika mbesa dzasimwa zvakanaka. Pashure, donha kudiridza inotangwa zuva nezuva kupa 2-3 litres emvura paskweya mita pazuva zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze enzvimbo. Zvidyarwa zveCapsicum zvakadzidziswa kuchengetedza 2-4 madzinde pachirimwa. Kuchekerera kunoitwa pavhiki nevhiki kutanga kubva pamazuva 15-20 mushure mekusimwa.
Papfundo rega rega, muromo unotsemuka kuita maviri zvichipa bazi rimwe rakasimba uye rimwe risina simba rinobviswa richichengeta bazi rakasimba. Kuvhiya uku kunoda kuitwa kamwe chete pasvondo. Kubva pamwedzi wechi4 zvichienda mberi kudura oparesheni ichaitwa kamwe mumazuva gumi.
Nzira yekudyara Capsicum:
Mitsara miviri yeCapsicum seedings inodyarwa nenzira yegzag pamubhedha.
Kudyara kureba kweCapsicum:
Verenga: Maitiro Ekurima Miriwo muBalcony.
Dyara Kudyara chinhambwe: 40 cm & Row kusvika Row chinhambwe: 50 cm
S. Kwete. | Nzvimbo ye polyhouse (m2) | Kudyara density | Zvose zvinomera zvinodiwa |
1 | 560 | 2.5- 3.5 zvirimwa / m2 | 1400- 1960 |
2 | 1008 | 2.5-3.5 zvirimwa / m2 | 2520- 3528 |
Fertigation uye Mupfudze:
Huwandu hwe150 kg imwe neimwe yeN: P205:~O pahekita uchishandisa inonyungudika nemvura fertilizer Inopiwa kuburikidza nefertigation kwenguva yose yekukura kwechirimwa yemwedzi mitanhatu-6. Fetereza inonyungudika nemvura inopa 8% yeNPK yega yega inoshandiswa nechiyero che19-2.5g/m4 pakudyara kwega kwega nekupa kaviri pasvondo kutanga kubva pasvondo rechitatu mushure mekudyara.
Zvirwere uye zvipembenene zveCapsicum:
Thrips and mites: Chipembenene chinoyamwa chinokanganisa zvirimwa zvakawanda zvegreenhouse. Capsicum inozvipuruzira yega asi kune yakakwira mwero wekuyambuka-mukume nekuda kwenyuchi, mathrips nezvimwe zvipembenene zvinotamisa mukume kubva pamaruva kuenda kunotumbuka. Pollination haina kuvandudzwa nekushandisa "magetsi nyuchi" kana nekumwaya mahormone echirimwa asi mukume zviri nani kana nyuchi kana nyuchi dzichibhururuka mugreenhouse. Nyuchi dzinowedzera huwandu hwemhodzi mu capsicum michero.
Kuteta michero mukurima kweCapsicum:
Kana pane michero yakawanda pamuti, zvakakosha kubvisa mimwe michero, kukurudzira kukura kwezvibereko zvakasara. Kuvhiya uku kunonzi kuonda kwemichero. Kuonda kwemichero kunoitwa kana muchero uri wepea size. Iyi tsika inowanzoteverwa kuwedzera ukuru hwemichero nekudaro nekuwedzera kunaka kwekugadzirwa.
Verenga: Nzira Yokurisa Dhaniya paTerrace.
Kukohwa uye goho reCapsicum:
Kukohwewa kwemichero yecapsicum kunotanga kubva pamazuva makumi matanhatu ekudyara kana iri green color capsicum, 60-80 mazuva kana iri yero uye tsvuku fruited mahybrids. Kukohwa kunoenderera kusvika pamazuva 90-170 pamazuva gumi kupindirana mugirini uye kusvika kumazuva 180-10 mutsvuku uye yero. Michero inenge yakura yegirinhi, yero kana iri 200% yero uye tsvuku kana yatsvuka 250% inokohwewa ichichengetwa panzvimbo inotonhorera.
Kukohwewa kwecapsicum kunoitwa padanho regirinhi, rekutyora uye neruvara (tsvuku/yero, nezvimwewo). Zvinoenderana nechinangwa chainorimwa uye chinhambwe chemusika wekupedzisira. MuIndia, michero inokohwewa pamisika mirefu iri kure. Kumusika wemuno, zviri nani kukohwa nhanho yemavara. Breaker nhanho ndiyo iyo 10% yemuchero wepamusoro ine ruvara uye kana inopfuura 90% yemuchero wepamusoro weruvara unoonekwa sedanho remavara. Goho re80-100t/ha (8-10 kg/m2) rinogona kutarisirwa kubva pachirimwa chimwe chete. Avhareji yemuchero wega wega inosiyana kubva ku150-200 magiramu.
Post Kukohwa uye Kuchengeta Capsicum:
Capsicum Zvibereko zvakaiswa giredhi kuhukuru uye ruvara kuti ive nechokwadi cheunifomu inoyevedza paki. Shrink kuputira muchero wega wega uye kuchengeta pa 7-8 ° C kuchawedzera kuchengetedzeka kusvika kumazuva makumi mana neshanu. Capsicum yakarongedzwa mumakatoni uye inofanirwa kubata 45 kg kana 60 kg yecapsicum. Varimi vazhinji vanoshandisa apuro mabhokisi (akashandiswa) ekurongedza capsicum yemusika weko.