#PlantPathology #CropDisease #FungalInfection #SustainableAgriculture #BiologicalControl #RNAIinterference #GenomeEditing
Chirwere chewhite tip, chinokonzerwa nefungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, injodzi huru kuzvirimwa zvakati wandei, zvinosanganisira soyabhinzi, canola, sunflower, uye lettuce. Chirwere ichi chinoonekwa nekukura kwedonje jena padzinde, mashizha, uye mapods echirimwa, izvo zvinozopedzisira zvakonzera kuora uye kufa. Fungi iyi inoburitsa zvimiro zvakaomarara, zvitema, zvekupona zvinodaidzwa kuti sclerotia, izvo zvinogona kuramba zvichiita muvhu kwemakore akati wandei, zvichiita kuti zviome kubata chirwere ichi.
Kubudirira: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum inokanganisa zvirimwa nekusunungura spores inogona kutakurwa nemhepo, mvura, kana zvipembenene. Iyo spores inopinda muchirimwa kuburikidza nemazaru echisikigo kana maronda uye inozvisimbisa munyama. Fungi rinobva ragadzira maenzayimu anoputsa madziro emasero, zvichikonzera kumera kwedonje jena. Chirwere chacho chinogona kupararira nokukurumidza mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, akadai semvura yakawanda, tembiricha ine mwero, uye kunyorova.
Migumisiro Yebudiriro: Chirwere chewhite tip chinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwegoho muzvirimwa zvakakanganisika, kubva pa10% kusvika pa100%, zvichienderana nekuoma kweutachiona uye danho rechirimwa. Chirwere chacho chinogonawo kukanganisa kunaka kwezvibereko, kuderedza kukosha kwayo pamusika. Uyezve, fungus inogona kutapurira mamwe marudzi akati wandei ezvirimwa, zvichiita kuti kutenderera kwechirimwa uye kubata kwechirwere kunetsa.
Kurwisa chirwere chewhite tip, nzira dzakati wandei dzakagadzirwa, kusanganisira kushandiswa kwemhando dzisingachinji, tsika dzetsika, uye fungicides. Zvisinei, mazano aya ane zvisingakwanisi, uye fungus yakagadzira kuramba kune mamwe anowanzo shandiswa fungicides. Naizvozvo, pane kudiwa kwemaitiro matsva uye akasimba ekutarisira chirwere ichi.
Vatsvagiri vari kuongorora nzira dzakasiyana, senge biological control, RNA kupindira, uye genome editing, kurwisa fungal njodzi. Kudzora kwebiological kunosanganisira kushandisa zvipenyu zvinongoitika zvega, zvakaita sebhakitiriya, fungi, uye mavhairasi, kudzvanyirira kukura nekupararira kwechirwere ichi. Kupindira kweRNA igeni rekunyararidza nzira inogona kushandiswa kuvharidzira kutaura kwemajini akakosha kuti pathogen irarame. Genome editing chishandiso chinogona kushandiswa kusuma machinjiro chaiwo mujenome repathogen, zvichiita kuti isanyanya hutachiona.
Chirwere chewhite tip chinokonzerwa neSclerotinia sclerotiorum chinotyisa kune zvirimwa zvakati wandei, uye manejimendi acho anoda nzira ine mativi mazhinji. Mazano ekuvandudza uye akasimba, senge biological control, kupindira kweRNA, uye genome editing, inopa mhinduro dzinovimbisa kurwisa fungal njodzi.