Muganhu wevarimi vegreens wemapurazi akamira iye zvino ane USDA rutsigiro.
Chikwata chenyika dzakawanda revatsvagiri veyunivhesiti vane makore mana USDA specialty goho research initiative (SCRI) mvumo yekudzidza maitiro akanakisa uye hupfumi hwekukura kwemukati uye maitiro ekuzviita nemazvo. Inodaidzwa kuti OptimIA (Optimizing Indoor Agriculture), chirongwa ichi chakanzi "Kuvandudza pundutso uye kusimba kwekugadzirwa kwemashizha-mashizha emukati."
Kugamuchira rubatsiro inguva yekuuya-yezera kune chikamu chidiki chekurima.
"Sekuziva kwangu, ndeimwe yezvipo zvekutanga zvakapihwa kurima kwakatwasuka kunotsigirwa neUSDA," akadaro Michigan State University (MSU) Associate Purofesa Roberto Lopez, anove mukuru muongorori pachirongwa ichi. Iwo maSCRI grants akatsigira zvikumbiro zvekugadzira greenhouse uye kunyange kugovera magrants pakuvheneka uye maLED. Asi OptimIA inobata chete nezvinonzi indoor-yakakura maoparesheni ayo asingashandisi zvakananga mwenje wechisikigo.
Kuenda kuvarimi
Chikwata chevarimi vehorticulturists, mainjiniya nevezvehupfumi chinotungamirwa neMSU chine madhora mazana maviri nemazana manomwe emadhora kubva kuUSDA mukuwedzera kune mari inofananidzwa kubva kumapato akazvimirira, zvichiita kuti ive $2.7 miriyoni. Basa rekupa makore mana rakatanga muna 5.4; Lopez akati nekuda kwekuvhiringidzika kwakabatana nedenda, kuedza kunogona kuenderera mberi muna 2020.
"Iri ipurojekiti yakakura yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, uye chimwe chikamu chichabatanidza miedzo yepapurazi," Lopez akadaro. “Tinoda kuona kuti tsvakiridzo yedu yave kuzoshandiswa neveindasitiri, saka kana tadzokorora zvidzidzo zvedu, tichazviongorora mumapurazi akasiyana emukati menyika kuti tione kuti (ne) izvo zvatakawana mulab, kuti kuchave nemhedzisiro yakafanana muindasitiri. "
Nepo varimi vachiwanzotarisa pakuwedzera goho, uye kudzikira kwekushandisa, mari yemagetsi inoramba isingadzivisiki kune varimi vemukati. Geography inogona kukanganisa mutengo wesimba, uye mamiriro ekunze anokanganisa huwandu hwesimba rinodiwa kudzora zvirimwa zvemukati nharaunda maererano nemamiriro ekunze kunze, Lopez akadaro.
Kuti irambe yakakosha kuvarimi, timu iri kudzikamisa kutsvagisa kwayo kune zvirimwa zvikuru zvinorimwa mukati: tsvuku uye girini lettuce, kare, arugula uye microgreens.
Indasitiri yekukura
Huwandu hwemapurazi emukati mudunhu rese ari kukura mashizha ane mashizha akawedzera mumakore achangopfuura nekuvhurwa kwemamwe mapurazi akakura, emhando yekuchengetera zvinhu mukuwedzera kune mamwe madiki, modular mayunitsi akaiswa mumidziyo yekutumira.
“Kurima mudzimba, uko kunozivikanwa zvakare sekurima kwakatwasuka, kushandisa maLED kune zvakwakanakira,” akadaro Erik Runkle weMSU mupepanhau. “Zvinotora nzvimbo shoma, mvura nezvinovaka muviri zvinonyatsoshandiswa, kugadzirwa kwegore rose, uye hapana mishonga inouraya zvipembenene. Asi kune ruzivo rushoma-rwakavakirwa pasainzi nezvemaitiro ekukura zvakanaka uye data shoma rehupfumi rakatenderedza kurima kwemukati. ”
Tsvagiridzo iyi ichatsigira chikamu chechidiki uye chiri kukura chekurima neruzhinji, ruzivo rusina rusaruro.
"Chinangwa chikuru cherubatsiro rweSCRI ndechekuita kuti indasitiri iwane pundutso uye ive yakasimba," akadaro Lopez. "Izvozvi, unoona mapurazi akawanda emukati, asi unoziva, kune akawanda asina kurarama."
Kuwana nyore
Varimi vadiki vemukati megreens kazhinji havawane ruzivo rwekugadzira.
"Kutsvagisa kwakawanda kunoitwa kumapurazi emukati ari mumba," Lopez akadaro. “Uye saka, kune idzva, diki bhizinesi, zvakaoma, nekuti hapana ruzivo rwakawanda rusina rusaruro rwekutsvagisa kunze uko kuti utange. Uye ruzivo rwuri kunze uko rwakanyanya kubva kuvanhu vanoda kutengesa zvigadzirwa, handiti? Chinangwa chedu tsvakurudzo yakavakirwa pasainzi, isina rusaruro. ”
Zvigadziriso patsvagiridzo iyi, kusanganisira mavhidhiyo eYouTube, mapeji ekutsvagisa, mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa, zvinyorwa zvekutengesa uye mapepa esainzi, zviri kutumirwa kuwww.scri-optimia.org sekutsvagisa kuri kuitika.
"Tiri kugadzira kosi yepamhepo yekugadzirwa kwemukati iyo ichave iripo pawebhusaiti mukati megore rinotevera," Lopez akadaro. “Tichaitawo misangano yegore negore nevanoda kuti vagovane mari uye dzimba dzakavhurika.
Chikwata chekutsvagisa
Vakuru vanoongorora parubatsiro vanosanganisira:
Erik Runkle yeMichigan State University (MSU) ichatsvaga mabatiro ehunhu hwakasiyana hwechiedza, ichitora misanganiswa yemasaisai akasiyana echiedza kubva kuUV kuenda kure-kutsvuku.
Roberto lopez, MSU, ichatsvaga kusimba kwechiedza, carbon dioxide uye tembiricha - maitiro azvinoita kunaka uye humwe hunhu hwemashure.
Simone Valle de Souza, MSU, ichatsvagira hupfumi hwekutarisira kushanda kwepurazi remashizha emumba, vachipindura mibvunzo yakadai sekuti "Ndeipi mari?," uye "Vangawedzera sei kukosha?"
Chieri Kubota yeOhio State University ichatsvagisa nyaya dzine chekuita nekutsva kwekupisa uye chikafu.
Cary Mitchell yePurdue University ichatsvaga "phasic lighting" - kugadzirisa mwenje kumatanho ekukura kwechirimwa.
Murat Kacira yeYunivhesiti yeArizona ichatsvaga mafambiro emhepo uye engineering maficha e
mapurazi emukati.
- Stephen Kloosterman, shamwari mupepeti
Pamusoro pepeji, iyo Controlled-Environment Lighting Laboratory (CELL) inzvimbo yekurima yakatwasuka yakagadziriswa naErik Runkle muDhipatimendi reHorticulture paMichigan State University. Mifananidzo: MSU