Nhanganyaya Kurima kwemiriwo muAustralia: MuAustralia miti kurima chikamu chinhu chakakosha chekudya. Miriwo yese chikamu chakakosha chekudya zvine hutano uye inopa sosi yevakawanda michero uye fiber. Kugoverwa kwekugadzirwa kwekurima muAustralia kunotemerwa zvakanyanya nemamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ekunze.
MuAustralia, kugadzirwa kwemiriwo ndeimwe yeakakosha maindasitiri ekurima. The horticulture indasitiri inoita basa rakakosha muAustralia, kunyanya semupi wemikana yebasa uye mukusimudzira kwedunhu. Kunyange zvakadaro, musika mudiki uye usinganyanyi kuomesesa wepamba unogadzira mikana mishoma yekuti vagadziri vawane pundutso muAustralia. Izvi zvakakwidziridzwa nekuwedzera mitsva uye yakagadziriswa miriwo yekunze kuAustralia. Izvi hazvingopesvedzeri vanogadzira muindasitiri yemiriwo yeAustralia chete asiwo vatengi kuburikidza nenyaya dzekuchengetedza.
Gwaro reKurima kwemiriwo muAustralia neMwaka dzeKudyara muAustralia
Utano Hwevhu Kurima Muriwo muAustralia: MuAustralia, muriwo unorimwa pamhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzevhu, saka zvakakosha kuti tinzwisise maitiro uye zvirambidzo zveivhu rimwe nerimwe reivhu iri chete ndipo patinogona kuwana zvakanakisisa kubva muvhu rekurima zvirimwa zvemuriwo. Kunzwisisa mhando yevhu uye maitirwo azvo achakubatsira kuchengetedza kwenguva refu hutano hwevhu uye kuderedza kurasikirwa nevhu uye kuparara.
Kazhinji, kubereka kwevhu reAustralia kunotemerwa zvakanyanya nehunyoro hwekupihwa. Pachikamu che10% chete chekondinendi mvura yemusikirwo yakakwana, kana yakawandisa, pakukura kwechirimwa kwemwedzi 9 kusvika gumi nemiviri yegore. Ivhu remaminerari riripo pamusoro penzvimbo zhinji dzakaoma dzeAustralia dzine chero organic zvemukati uye zvakadzika kudzika kushoma, uye zvinogona kungova nejasi rakakasharara redombo rakaputirwa.
Australia ine ivhu rekare rakaderera mukati organic zvinhu uye zvinovaka muviri, uye zviri nyore kukurwa. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kuwedzera kumanikidza kugadzira chikafu chakawanda uye fiber, uye kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwevanhu, zvinounza matambudziko makuru ekubudirira kwekutonga kwevhu redu risina kusimba.
Zvirimwa Zvikuru Muriwo muAustralia
Sarudzo dzezvirimwa zvemuriwo dzichasiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze, mamiriro ekunze eAustralia anowanzo kupfava zvakakwana kudyara chimwe chinhu chero nguva yegore. MuAustralia, varimi vemiriwo vanogadzira zvakasiyana-siyana zve zvirimwa pachiyero chekutengeserana. Pamusoro pe90% yemiriwo mitsva inotengeswa mumasupamaketi eAustralia inorimwa muAustralia, iine mashoma ekunze anovhara miriwo nemahwindo ekugadzira anongogumira mumwaka midiki yekukura senge. asperagus uye hadiyo.
Zvakanyanya kukosha zvirimwa zvemuriwo muAustralia zvinoratidzawo mutengo wepamusoro patani, pane kukosha kunotsigirwa nehuremu hwekugadzira, senge. mushroom, miriwo saladhi yemashizha, uye broccoli/mwana broccoli.
Tomato
MuAustralia, madomasi anorimwa munharaunda dzinenge dzese. Nekudaro, ruzhinji rwekugadzirwa kweTomato rinonyanya kuitika kuVictoria neQueensland. Munguva dzechivanhu, Madomasi aigadzira kunze. Madomasi ari kugadzirwa mumagirazi epamusoro-soro mumakore achangopfuura. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa tomato mhando yekurima kuAustralia iGross Lisse Tomato.
Indasitiri yematomatisi muAustralia inogona kupatsanurwa zvakanyanya kuita zvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana, izvo zvinorimwa kuti zvishandiswe mukudya zvakagayiwa uye zvinorimwa musika mutsva. Victoria ndiye mugadziri mukuru wemusika wakagadziriswa accounting inosvika 86% yezvese zvigadzirwa inoteverwa neNew South Wales pa12% uye zvidiki mune dzimwe nyika. Tomato zvirimwa zvinoda staking zvinofanira kudyarwa kanenge 1 mita kure. Madomasi emhando yegwenzi anofanira kudyarwa akaparadzana ne50cm.
Carrot
Zvizhinji zve karoti marudzi anorimwa muAustralia ndeemamwe emapoka mana ari pasi apa anosiyaniswa nechimiro kunyangwe mamwe marudzi matsva, akadai seMojo ari mhedzisiro yekubatanidza hunhu kubva mumapoka akasiyana-siyana nekuberekesa zvirimwa zvakajairika. Zvirimwa zvemuzhizha zvekaroti zvinogona kugadzirira kukohwewa mukati memavhiki gumi nematanhatu kubva kudyara, apo zvirimwa zvichikura nomumutonhodzi chando mwedzi inogona kukura kusvika kumavhiki makumi maviri nemana. Makarotsi anokohwewa nemuchina wozotakurwa chinhambwe kuenda kushedhi yekurongedzerwa. Iwo mana mapoka makuru eKaroti akasiyana anomiririrwa muAustralia ndeaya;
1. Nantes Carrot marudzi ane blunt-kuguma akananga kumidzi yakadzikira zvishoma. Mhando dzeNantes dzinowanzoita kutapira-kunakirwa nekuda kweiyo yakaderera terpenoid zvirimo. Kureba kwemidzi kunosvika 200 mm. Mienzaniso yakasiyana Stefano naNavarre.
2. Mhando dzeImperator Carrot dzakadai seRed Hot neCellobunch dzinobereka midzi yakanongedza kusvika 350 mm kureba nemapendekete ari pakati nepakati uye taper. Mhando dzinoverengeka dzeKaroti dzakarimwa muAustralia dzakaita seCondor neRed Brigade dziri pakati nepakati pakati peImperator neAutumn King Varieties. Zvakadaro, mamwe marudzi akadai seRed Count uye Red Saber ari epakati muchimiro pakati peImperator neNantes.
3. Autumn King Carrot Varieties idzo dzine mapendekete akafara midzi yakapinza yakanongedza avhareji ye300 mm pakureba. Zvadaro, mumiririri mukuru weboka iri rakakura muAustralia ndiWestern Red. Majestic Red Carrot imhando yakabatana ine mamwe maChantenay maitiro.
4. Mhando dzeChantenay dzakadai seRoyal Chantenay dzakafara-mafudzi uye zvakare dzakanyanya kunyungudutswa nemuvara wakanaka wemukati.
Potato
Kana ukapotsa izvi: Kuchekerera Mukurima, Mabhenefiti, Mazano, uye Mazano.
Nhasi mbatata indasitiri inogona kuzviti ndiyo 4th-yakakura chirimwa chekudya pasi rose, ichiverengera makumi maviri muzana yezvese zvinorimwa muAustralia. Mhando dzakasiyana dzembatatisi dzinorimwa muAustralia dzinoti Kennebec, Sebago, Bintje, Pontiac, Coliban, Patrone, Red rascal, uye Desiree.
Anyanisi
Hanyanisi inofarira kukura panzvimbo ine zuva, yakavhurika ine ivhu rakanyoroveswa nemvura. The Australian onion indasitiri inogara ichishanda kusimudzira kukwikwidza kwayo, uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Hanyanisi inorimwa kumatunhu mazhinji eAustralia, asi ruzhinji rwehanyanisi inogadzirwa kuSouth Australia neTasmania. Matunhu ari kukura Onion muAustralia iAdelaide Plains muSouth Australia, Northern Tasmania, uye Lockyer Valley muQueensland. Hanyanisi huru inorimwa kuAustralia ihanyanisi yechinyakare, iyo inoita 79% yehanyanisi itsva.
Broccoli
Chirimwa cheBroccoli chinoda kudiridzwa nguva nenguva kuti chifambise kukura kwavo nekukurumidza uye kukurudzira misoro yakakora kuti iumbe. Zvakanaka mvura zuva nezuva kana zuva rechipiri rega rega. Mamiriro ekunze aitonhorera kubva kuMelbourne nepasi aive akanaka asi mazuva ano anogona kurimwa chero gore rose. Iva nechokwadi chekuti ivhu rakanyoroveswa zvakanaka, chock izere neyakaora manyowa uye organic matter ine pH level ye6.5-7.
Lettuce
Mamwe marudzi eLettuce anosiyana muhukuru, maumbirwo, mavara, uye zvinonaka asi crisp musoro, romaine, butter head, uye loose-shizha ndizvo zvinonyanya kufarirwa muAustralia. The lettuce chirimwa chinokura zvakanaka parinotonhorera uye hachifariri kupisa kwakanyanya kana kutonhora. Kazhinji, mashizha akasununguka-mashizha anofarira mamiriro okunze anodziya uye misoro ye lettuce inoita zvakanakisisa mumamiriro ekunze anotonhorera. Mazhinji anotungamira Lettuce marudzi anozosungirira mbeu mumwedzi inodziya.
capsicum
Capsicums inorimwa muAustralia yese munzvimbo dzisina chando, dzinopisa, uye dzinopisa. Mamiriro ekudziya mukati memwedzi mishanu yekukura anodiwa kuitira goho repamusoro uye kunaka kwakanaka muchero. Kuwanda kwekugadzirwa kweCapsicum kunoitika munzvimbo dzeQueensland, South Australia, neVictoria. Icho chirimwa chakakosha chine tarisiro dzakanakisa zvese zvemumba uye ekisipoti market. Capsicums inozivikanwawo sebhero pepper, anorimwa munenge matunhu ese eAustralia nekuda kwekuzivikanwa kwawo. Kunyangwe, iyo yakawanda yekugadzirwa inoitika kunze kweQueensland.
Miriwo Kukura muWestern Australia
Kugadzirwa kwemuriwo kunoitika muWestern Australia yese, zvichibvumira zvirimwa zvakasiyana siyana kurimwa. Zvirimwa zvikuru zvemuriwo muWestern Australia zvinosanganisira Makarotsi, Mbatata, Capsicums, Hanyanisi, Madomasi, uye Broccoli. Muriwo wakasiyana-siyana unorimwa mukutengeserana muWestern Australia. Zvimwe zvirimwa zvemuriwo zvinosanganisira Dzungu, Sweet Corn, Zucchini, Asparagus, Beans, Snow Peas, Cabbage, Asian Vegetables, Magaka, English Spinach, Sweet Potato, Spring Onion, Leeks, Broccoli, Swedes, Turnips, Beetroot, neBrussels sprouts. Mimwe miriwo mizhinji inorimwawo padiki. Iyo yakakura geographic yenzvimbo yekugadzira inobvumira miriwo mizhinji kurimwa gore rose muAustralia. Madiridziro anoshandiswa kuona kuti mbesa dzemuriwo dzapihwa mvura yakakwana kuti dziburitse miriwo yemhando yepamusoro.
Mamiriro eKurima kwemiriwo muAustralia
- Zvirimwa zvemuriwo zvine zvimwe zvinodiwa sekudya, mvura, chiedza, uye kupisa. Miriwo yakasiyana-siyana inoda huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvinodiwa. Kana zvasvika pakujeka, miriwo inoda maawa matanhatu ezuva rakananga kana chidimbu pazuva.
- Mamiriro ekunze anokanganisa matanho ese uye maitiro ekukura kwechirimwa. Tembiricha inodiwa zvinoenderana nehudiki, hwakanyanya, uye yakanyanya tembiricha mukati mezuva nehusiku mukati mekukura kwechirimwa.
- Miriwo mizhinji senge maawa matanhatu-6 ezuva pazuva, asi mashizha makuru ane mashizha akadai sesirivheri beet, lettuce, uye mamwe miriwo zvinomera zvinosangana nenzvimbo ine shadier. Mimwe miriwo iri kunonoka kukura kana kutora nzvimbo yakawanda, saka hainyanyi kuita kuti ikure munzvimbo diki kunze kwekunge uchinge wawana imwe diki yakasiyana. Pane kudaro, tarisa pamiti yemiriwo inotora nzvimbo shoma, iri nyore kukura, uye kuti iwe unogona kushandura nokukurumidza.
- Wedzera organics kuvhu rako - Miriwo mizhinji inokura zvakanaka muvhu rakanyoroveswa. Ivhu rakapfuma muvhu semupfudze kana manyowa rinosimudzira kukura kwakanaka kune utano, zvichivandudza goho rezvirimwa zvako.
- Idya nguva nenguva - Kugara uchiisa fetereza kwakakosha pagoho rezvirimwa. Rudzi, mwero, uye nguva yekudyara zvichaenderana zvakanyanya nechirimwa chicharimwa uye rudzi rwevhu. Fetereza yakanaka inoshandiswa mumwaka wekukura ichaita kuti miriwo iwedzere kusimba uye ine hutano.
- Mvura nguva dzose uye mulch - Zvizhinji zvirimwa zvemuriwo zvinoda kudiridza nguva dzose kana zvirimwa zvinogona kutambura negoho rakadzikira uye mhando. Miriwo mizhinji inomira kukura kana tembiricha yevhu ikakwira zvakanyanya. Kunyange zvakadaro, mulch yakanaka inochengetedza ivhu rinotonhorera, zvichikonzera kukura kwemidzi. Zvakare, kuiswa kwevhu rakanyorova, kunyanya panguva yekuoma, kuchaita kuti miriwo yemuriwo iwane mvura yese yainoda.
- Kudzivirira uye kubata tupukanana nezvirwere nekukurumidza - Kuchengeta maitiro ekurima akanaka (mamiriro evhu akanaka, kuisa fetereza, nekudiridza) kuchaguma nekukura zvakasimba zvirimwa zvemuriwo zvinokwanisa kurwisa kurwiswa nekukurira kukuvara. Iva neruzivo nezvemaitiro emuriwo ane hutano kuitira kuti kana paita dambudziko ugone kurigadzirisa nekukasira nekudaro kudzivirira kukanganisa zvakanyanya zvirimwa zvako.
Kurima Kwemuriwo Kwemwaka muAustralia
Varimi vekuAustralia vanoramba vachigadzirisa mashandiro avo uye kutora nzira nyowani dzekupindura kumikana nematambudziko ekugadzirwa kwekurima muAustralia kusanganisira, kuwedzera kwemakwikwi kubva kunze kwenyika zvinyoro uye zvakagadziriswa zvigadzirwa, kudzvanywa kwemitengo yemusika, kana mamiriro emwaka asina kunaka. Munzvimbo dzine mwero dzeAustralia, miriwo inowanzodyiwa mwaka nemwaka kunyanya munzvimbo dzematunhu, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzemumadhorobha mune hukuru hwekupinzwa kunze kwezvirimwa zvinyoro zvinobva pasirese nemasupamaketi nevatengesi vezvitoro zvegirosari, kusangana nemuriwo zvinodiwa gore rose.
kazhinji, chokoti kugadzirwa kunoitika pedyo nemaguta makuru. Miriwo yeQueensland inopa nyika dzekumaodzanyemba panguva inotonhorera yaChikumi kusvika Gumiguru.
Munguva yechirimo – Miriwo mikuru mumwaka wechirimo ndeye Artichoke, Asparagus, Bean Shoots, Beetroot, Broccoli, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Cucumber, Leek, Lettuce, Howa, Peas, Rhubarb, neSipinachi.
Munguva yezhizha – Miriwo mikuru panguva yezhizha ndeye Capsicum, Cucumber, Eggplant, Squash, Tomato, uye Zucchini.
Munguva yematsutso - Autumn mwedzi wakanaka wekudyara miriwo, sezvo tembiricha inodonha uye zuva rinopisa rezhizha rinodzika. Autumn inguva yakakodzera yekukura marudzi ese emiriwo. Kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ekunze anogona kunge ari kutonhora pasi, ivhu richiri kudziyirwa kubva mumwedzi yezhizha uye mvura inonaya inotanga kukwira munyika yose.
Miriwo yekudyara mumatsutso inosanganisira Pizi, Sipinachi, Chirimo hanyanisi, Turnipi, Beetroot, Kabhichi, Makarotsi, Lettuce, Radhishi, Hanyanisi, Parsnips, Celery, Cauliflower, Broccoli, Cucumber, Tomato, Zucchini, Peppers, Chilies, Eggplant, Mbatata, Svirwa. Mbatata, Manhanga, Squash, Okra, neSow Beans.
Munguva yechando - Mimwe miriwo yechando inokura zvakanaka munzvimbo dzakaoma dzeAustralia uye kunze zvinosanganisira Broad nyemba, Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Cauliflower, Lettuce, Peas, Sipinachi, Madomasi, Beetroot, Cabbage, Karotsi, Leeks, Hanyanisi, Mbatata, Silverbeet, uye Turnip.
Mwaka Wekudyara Miti muAustralia
Vegetables | Mwaka wekudyara |
Artichokes | chitubu |
asiparagasi | Spring, Zhizha, Autumn |
Nyemba | Zhizha, Matsutso |
Bhinzi | Spring, Zhizha, Autumn, Winter |
Beetroot | Spring, Zhizha, Autumn |
Broccoli | Spring, Zhizha, Autumn, Winter |
kabichi | Spring, Zhizha, Autumn |
capsicum | chirimo |
Karoti | Zhizha, Matsutso, Chando |
Koliflower | Spring, Zhizha, Autumn, Winter |
Celery | chirimo |
Chillies | chirimo |
Makaskodha | Zhizha, Matsutso |
Birplant | Zhizha, Matsutso |
Leeks | Spring, Zhizha |
Lettuce | Zhizha, Matsutso |
howa | Spring, Zhizha, Autumn, Winter |
Peas | chitubu |
matapiri | Autumn, Winter |
manhanga | Zhizha, Matsutso |
Silverbeet | Spring, Chando |
sipinachi | Chirimo, Zhizha, Chando |
madomasi | Zhizha, Matsutso |
Turnips | Zhizha, Matsutso |
Zucchini | Zhizha, Matsutso |
Kutarisira Mvura Yekurima Vegetable muAustralia
Mvura ibasa guru rekutarisira manejimendi mumapurazi emuriwo eAustralia. Ongororo yeAustralia Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE) inoratidza izvozvo kudiridza inoshandiswa pa90% yemapurazi emuriwo. Pakanga paine shanduko shoma pakati peongororo mbiri. Zvirimwa zvese zvinotsamira zvakanyanya pamvura yekudiridzira, pamwe nechikamu che2% chevarimi vanoshandisa madiridziro pazvirimwa zvese zvemuriwo.
Kazhinji, kudiridza kunobva kunzvimbo mbiri huru, nzizi, uye pasi pevhu. Mahombe enzizi anoshandiswa kudiridza muAustralia iMurray-Darling system, Rwizi rweOrd mudunhu reKimberley kuWestern Australia, uye nzizi zhinji dziri kumahombekombe ekumabvazuva kweAustralia.
Mvura chinhu chinodiwa pakugadzirwa kwemuriwo. Kunyangwe, zvibhorani zvepasi pevhu ndizvo chete zvitubu zvemvura yekudiridza muNorthern Territory uye ndiyo inotungamira kuWestern Australia neSouth Australia. Varimi vemiriwo muAustralia yose vanotarisana nemamiriro ekushanda akaoma pasi pekugadzirisa kwakasiyana kwemvura. Iyo yakawanda yemiti yemiriwo inogadzirwa muAustralia inotengeswa pamusika wepamba, uye nekudaro mitengo inotarisisa zvakanyanya nekuwedzera mukugadzirwa. Zvakare, kudyara kukuru uye kuwedzera kukura kwepurazi kunowanzodikanwa kumadiridziro anoshandiswa mukugadzira miriwo (kureva,, donha), uye hunyanzvi hunyanzvi hunodiwa kutyaira iwo masisitimu kuti uwane yakakwana chigadzirwa mhando.
Miriwo Yechando Kukura Munzvimbo Dzakasiyana muAustralia
Kune akawanda miriwo yechando sarudzo inowanikwa kune yega yega yakasarudzika dunhu renyika yedu.
Nzvimbo dzinopisa
Nzvimbo dzakadai seNorthern Queensland neNorthern Territory dzakasangana nemamiriro ekunze anopisa. Miriwo inogona kurimwa munzvimbo dzinopisa munguva yechando inosanganisira;
Karoti - Makarotsi anouya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye anogona kuva anonakidza uye anopa mubayiro veggie kukura munguva yechando.
Anyanisi - Hanyanisi dzakanaka pakuwedzera ndiro dzinodziya dzechando uye soups. Hanyanisi inogona kurimwa mumwaka wechando munzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAustralia.
Subtropical regions
Izvi zvinosanganisira matunhu akaita seBrisbane neSouth-East Queensland, pamwe nedunhu reNorthern NSW. Miti yemuriwo inokura muchando kana uchigara munzvimbo idzi zvinosanganisira;
Lettuce -Lettuce inokura munzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAustralia munguva yechando.
Broccoli - Inoshamisa pakuwedzera kune soups kana kubvongodza-fries, broccoli muriwo mukuru wekuwedzera kuchando chako.
Inland uye nzvimbo dzakaoma
Kune nzvimbo dziri mukati meAustralia, pamwe nedziya dzine mamiriro ekunze akaoma, miriwo inotevera inogona kunaka kukura munguva yechando;
Kabichi - Inogona kuva muriwo mukuru kukura munguva yechando munzvimbo dziri mukati uye dzakaoma.
Silverbeet - Silverbeet mumwe muriwo wakanaka wechando kukura.
Mbatata - Kune miriwo mishoma yakajairika sembatatisi uye ndiyo inonyanya kukosha chirimwa chekudya munyika.
Tablelands nematunhu anotonhora
Kana iwe uchigara mune imwe yenzvimbo dzinotonhorera dzeAustralia, senge nzvimbo dzakakwirira, mimwe miriwo yekudyara muchando inosanganisira;
Koliflower - Korifurawa inoshamisa yechando veggie yekuwedzera kune yako yekuunganidza. Kura chimwe kana chigamba chose uye unakirwe chichangobva kutangwa cauliflower mwaka uno wechando.
Leeks - Leeks dzakasimba uye dzakakwana kune avo vatsva mukukura mavheji avo.
Matunhu emahombekombe
Nzvimbo dzemahombekombe dzinosanganisira nzvimbo dzakadai seSydney uye matunhu eEast Coast. Miriwo inogona kurimwa munzvimbo dzakadzikama mukati memwedzi yechando inosanganisira Mbatata, Madomasi, Peas, Lettuce, Broccoli, Bok Choy, uye Kabheji.
Unogonawo kutarisa izvi: Kurima Mukaka MuKenya.
Mwaka Wakanakisa Wekudyara Mbeu Yemuriwo muAustralia
chirimo
Mumwaka wezhizha, zviri nani kudyara mbeu inozobudirira mumazuva akareba uye anopisa ezhizha. Funga kudyara Madomasi, Zucchini, uye Capsicum pakati pechirimo kuti uwane kukura kwakanyanya mumwaka wese.
matsutso
Autumn inogona kuve imwe yemwaka inobatsira kwazvo yegore kudyara mbeu yemiriwo muAustralia. Miriwo yakanakisa mumatsutso inosanganisira Celery, Cauliflower, Broccoli, uye Broad Beans.
chando
Nguva yechando inogona kunetsa dzimwe nguva, kunyanya kana tembiricha ikapinda pasi pechando, sezvo izvi zvichigona kukanganisa goho rako. Mbeu dzemuriwo wechando dzinosanganisira Artichoke, Carrots, Lettuce, Hanyanisi, neRadhishi.
chitubu
Miriwo inogona kukura zvakanaka kana yakasimwa muchirimo. Kana mhodzi dzemuriwo dzave muvhu, heano mamwe mazano akanaka ekuti unofanira kudiridza zvirimwa zvako zvakadii.
Yekuwedzera Ongororo, Dzidzo, uye Mikana Yekurima Muriwo muAustralia
Australian kurima miriwo indasitiri yakatarisana nemhando dzakasiyana dzematambudziko akatarisana nemakwikwi ekunze, kupatsanurwa kwemusika, uye miganho yakaoma. Indasitiri yemuriwo inosanganisira mabhizinesi mazhinji epapurazi akapararira munzvimbo, vanhu vanobva kwakasiyana madzinza netsika, uye vanopa zvakasiyana siyana zvezvigadzirwa kuti zvizadzise kudiwa kwemumba uye kunze kwenyika.
Ongororo yeAustralian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences (ABARES) yemapurazi anorima muriwo inosanganisira imwe yemibvunzo yekuwedzera inobvumira kuongororwa kwakadzama kwenyaya dzakasiyana. Izvi zvine mari yekurima miriwo yekugadzira; misika uye kuwedzera kukosha; kudiridza uye kutarisira kugadzirwa; kudzidziswa uye manejimendi ebhizinesi; R&D (tsvakurudzo nekusimudzira); nemikana nezvinangwa.
Vanopfuura hafu yevarimi vemiriwo vakashandisa mazuva emumunda sesosi yedzidzo uye kudzidziswa nezvekurima, nepo chikamu chimwe muzvishanu chakapinda makonferensi, mashopu, kana makosi mapfupi. Uye, ruzhinji rwevarimi vemiriwo vakashandisa ruzivo uye tekinoroji yekutaurirana kuwana ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze (54%), kutonga nyaya dzemari (51%), uye kuwana ruzivo rwemusika (50%). Chinenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevarimi vemiriwo vakaona kukodzera kwemamiriro ekunze, kushaikwa kweruzivo nekurima zvakati zvirimwa uye kushambadzira izvo zvigadzirwa, kana kuwanikwa kwemvura sezvipingaidzo zvekuchinja musanganiswa wavo wechirimwa.
Mabhizinesi ekurima miriwo akaona zvakasiyana siyana zvekutanga zvekutsvaga nekusimudzira. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuchengetedza zvipembenene nezvirwere zvemuriwo ne78% yemapurazi muAustralia tichitarisa nzvimbo iyi seyakanyanya kana kukosha kwekuwedzera kutsvagisa nekusimudzira. Zvinhu zvakakosheswa zvikuru zvakapihwa kugoho rekurima nekuvandudzwa kwembeu dzinopa goho repamusoro, izvo zvakakwezva mhinduro dzepamusoro kana dzepamusoro kubva kumapurazi angangoita makumi manomwe kubva muzana.
MuAustralia, kusimbaradza kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kushambadzira, nekusimudzira musika, zvakakwezvawo rutsigiro rwakakura neinopfuura hafu yemabhizinesi emiriwo achiona nzvimbo idzi sezvinonyanya kukosha, nepo kutsvagisa kwevatengi, uye kutonhora uye kuchengetedza tekinoroji, zvakaiswa pasi muhurongwa hwekutsvagisa nekusimudzira. zvinokosha.
Makomputa ave kushandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo yese yekurima aine anopfuura 80% emabhizinesi emuriwo achiashandisa kune yakafara uye akasiyana siyana ekushandisa mukufambisa mabhizinesi avo. Pakati pekutanga kushandiswa kwemakombuta mukurima kwaive kuunganidza ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze uye kubatsira nekurodza manejimendi emari uye, aya ndiwo maviri anoshandiswa zvakanyanya-anoshandiswa muchikamu ichi. Zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemabhizimisi emuriwo muAustralia anoshandisa makomputa kuti awane ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze uye angangoita 64% kugadzirisa nyaya dzemari.
Inosvika makumi mana muzana emabhizimusi emuriwo muAustralia anoshandisawo makomputa senzira yekuchengetedza nekugadzira zvinongedzo mukati meindasitiri yekurima uye yekuwana ruzivo rwemusika. Kumwe kushandiswa kwemakombuta kunosanganisira kuwana zvekushandisa pakudzidzisa uye kutenga zvekushandisa papurazi. Ipapo, chiyero chekushandiswa kwekombuta pakati pevarimi vemiriwo chiri pamusoro peavhareji yenyika muTasmania, Victoria, neWestern Australia, nekushandiswa muNew South Wales yakaderera yedunhu rega rega. Mabhizimusi makuru emuriwo muAustralia ane mukana wekushandisa makomputa kupfuura varimi vadiki vemuriwo vane 40% yevarimi mumapurazi makuru kupfuura mahekita makumi manomwe vachishandisa komputa zvichienzaniswa ne97% yevarimi vane isingasviki mahekita mashanu. Zvakadaro, zvinofadza kuti kushandiswa kwemakombuta nechikamu chidiki chemapurazi kunodarika chikamu chinotevera paine 70% chete yemapurazi ari mubhuraketi remahekita mashanu kusvika makumi maviri achishandisa makombuta. Kushandiswa kweglobal positioning system (GPS) panguva yekugadzirwa kwezvirimwa kunokanganiswa zvakanyanya nekukura kwepurazi. Mapurazi makuru anoda kusvika makumi mashanu kubva muzana anoshandisa GPS masisitimu kana zvichienzaniswa nechikamu chegumi neina kubva muzana emapurazi ane mahekita mashanu kusvika makumi maviri.
Mikana Yekukura Kwekurima Muriwo muAustralia
Mikana yakakurumbira yekukura kwevarimi vemiriwo veAustralia kugadzirwa kwemiriwo yemhando yepamusoro uye kutengesa zvakananga kune vatengesi, inofarirwa ne57% uye 40% yevarimi zvichiteerana. Vanopfuura chikamu chechina chevarimi muAustralia vanoona kurimwa kwezvigadzirwa zve niche senzira yekuwedzera uye izvi zvinonyanya kufarirwa muWestern Australia neTasmania uko 43% uye 49% yevarimi vanofunga niche zvigadzirwa mukana wekukura. Vangori pasi pechikamu chechina chevarimi vanoona mikana yekukura kuburikidza nekuwedzera kukosha papurazi.
Kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kunoonekwa semukana wekukura ne19% yemabhizinesi emuriwo muAustralia, asi chikamu ichi chinosvika 37% muVictoria. Kutengesa kunze kwenyika kunoonekwa kwakaomarara kwekudya nguva nevanopfuura 60% yevarimi vemiriwo vekuAustralia, nepo 45% vachifunga kuti mitengo haina kukwira zvakakwana. Zvimwe zvimhingamipinyi imari yekutumira uye kusakwana kwezvivakwa zvepapurazi. Mikana isinganyanyozivikanwa yevarimi vemiriwo yekuwedzera mabhizinesi avo inosanganisira kutengesa zvakananga kune vanogadzira chikafu, inocherechedzwa nechikamu che14% chevarimi munyika yose, pasi pekurimwa kwedziviriro (11%), uye hydroponics (6%).