Hunhu hutsva-hwakachekwa hunotanga muminda. Uye izvi zvinoreva kusarudza mhando yakakodzera.
"Kusarudza mbeu inoita zvakanaka mune mumwe mwaka uye nharaunda inokura idanho rekutanga mukugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro-soro," akadaro Ashley Bell, chipangamazano weInternational Fresh-cut Produce Association muEurope.
Kunyange zvazvo kukura kwakafanana, goho guru, kukwanisa kukohwewa nemuchina, kuibva kwakafanana uye kuderedzwa kwemarara kuchidiwa kune zvose zvakachekwa uye zvakachekwa, pane zvimwe zvinonyanya kudiwa pazvicherwa zvitsva.
"Apo misiyano inomuka iri mumashure ekucheka hunhu hwakadai sesherufu hupenyu, kushanduka kwemavara, kugadzirwa, kunhuhwirira uye hunhu hwekunzwa hwakadai sekutapira, acidity uye kunhuhwirira," akadaro Bell.
Fresh-akachekwa saladhi, kunyanya, anofanirwa kuve nekukwezva kwakasimba kwekuona, izvo zvinogonekwa nevagadziri kuburikidza nekubatanidza medley yemhando dzakasiyana dzine mavara akasiyana uye mashizha maumbirwo. Kugadzirwa kwesaladhi kunoitawo basa rinokosha. Kana croutons, madhirezi uye toppings zvawedzerwa, vanogona kuvhara kunhuhwirira kwemiriwo saladhi, saka magadzirirwo anopinda, akadaro Bell.
Muchero mutsva-wakachekwa, kune rumwe rutivi, unowanzodyiwa wega, saka kuumbwa hakuna kunyanya kukosha. Asi, misanganiswa yemichero inotsamira pane zvinonaka zvemichero.
"Sezvo vanhu 'vanodya nemaziso avo,' kukwezva kwekuona muchero wakachekwa kunokosha zvakare," akadaro Bell. "Asi kunze kwekunge magadzirirwo, kunhuhwirira uye kunhuhwirira zvichifadza, mutengi haazove nemukana wekutenga chigadzirwa zvakare."
Mbeu dzinosiyana kubva kune imwe neimwe pane genetic level. Uye misiyano yemajini inogona kusarura zvakanyanya kune hunhu hunonyanya kukosha kumutengi uye / kana murimi, sekureva kwaNunhems, kambani yembeu yemiriwo iri muParma, Idaho. Misiyano iyi inouya kubva mukudzvanywa kwesarudzo yemurimi wechirimwa munzvimbo chaidzo iyo mbeu icharimwa pachiyero chekugadzira.
Kuti uwane marudzi aya, varimi vanofanira kuva nekunzwisisa kwakakwana kwemamiriro ose emiti ichave yakaratidzwa - kubva kune murimi kusvika kune yekupedzisira yekutengesa packaging, maererano neNunhems. Vapfuri vanofanirawo kuziva mhando dzemhando dziripo kuti vazive zvinoda kuvandudzwa.
Asi varimi havazviite vega, vagadziri uye varimi vanofanirwa kushanda pamwe chete uye nevarimi. Varimi vanofanirwa kuziva zvinodikanwa zvega ega zvemhando imwe neimwe munharaunda inokura. Uye ma processor anofanirwa kuziva kuti ndeapi akasiyana anozoshanda zvakanyanya kune izvo zvavari kuyedza kuwana nechigadzirwa chakapedzwa. Uye kuti zvose zvishande, varimi vanofanira kukwanisa kusimudza zvakasiyana-siyana munzvimbo iyoyo. Pakupedzisira, kukurukurirana kunokosha.
"Vagadziri vanofanira kutaura zvakajeka kuvarimi zvavanoda uye kupa mhinduro nguva dzose kuitira kuti varimi vanzwisise zvakajeka kuti ndezvipi zvinonyanya kukosha uye kuti vangashanda sei pamwe chete kuti vagadzirise matambudziko ose uye vabudise zvakanakisisa zvemhando," akadaro Bell. "Iyo iyo processor iri kuita zvakanangana nemabasa emurimi chaiwo, iyo yakawanda yekuwedzera (iye) anogona kuve nayo pakusarudza mhando dzakanangana dzakafanira kugadzirwa-kutsva."
Sezvo kutsva-kuchekwa kuchienderera mberi nekuwana chikamu chemusika mudhipatimendi rezvigadzirwa, vashandi-vatsva-vanochekwa vachave nepesvedzero pavaridzi kusvika kune zvinodiwa zvezvigadzirwa zvakachekwa.
Nekuti kana mhando isina kufanira ikashandiswa, inogona kutungamira kune sub-par zvigadzirwa.
"Kushandisa 'zvisizvo' kana sub-optimal siyana kunogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa pamhando nehupenyu hwesherufu," akadaro Bell. "Musiyano wekurima uripo mukufema izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kurongedza uye kuchinjika kwemhepo, kukanganisa kukuvadzwa kwemichina, kusviba, kuravira uye magadzirirwo."
Sekureva kwaNunhems, kugadzirwa kwemunda kwakashata, kusashanda zvakanaka kwekugadzirisa uye hurombo hwemhando yevatengi zvese zvinogona kubva pakusarudza mhando isina kukodzera yemhando nyowani.
Kutora cultivar yakakwana maererano neruvara, saizi, chimiro, flavour uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinozoreva kunaka kuri nani uye kutengesa kwakawanda.
"Kushandiswa kwezvakasiyana-siyana zvekutsva-kuchekwa kune mukana wekupa processor mupendero pamusoro pevakwikwidzi mumusika," akadaro Bell.
Kufunga Zvimwe Zvinhu
Asi kusarudzwa kwakasiyana-siyana chete hakuzovimbise chigadzirwa chemhando. Kukura kwechigadzirwa, maitiro ekukohwa uye kutonhora kweketani zvese zvinotamba zvakakosha mukubudirira kwechigadzirwa chitsva.
"Rwendo rwezvibereko kubva kupurazi kusvika kune imwe iketani uye, saizvozvowo, inongova yakasimba chete sechinhu chisina simba," akadaro Bell. “Pasina mbeu yakanaka yakarimwa nekutarisirwa nemazvo kuburikidza nekuona nguva yakakwana yekukohwa, hapazove nemhando yemhando yekukohwa, kugadzira nekurongedza.
Izvo zviri kutaurwa, Bell akaenderera mberi, mamiriro mumusika uye nharaunda anogona kuburitsa chirimwa chine zvishoma pane optimum mhando.
"Ipapo processor inofanira kushanda nezviripo, kudzikisa mutsara, kuronga zvakanyanya uye kugadzirisa zvinotarisirwa pasherufu," akadaro.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvinouya pakutamba midziyo. Dhizaini yemidziyo mitsva-yakatemwa yekugadzirisa inofanirwa kufunga nezvechigadzirwa. Midziyo inofanira kugadzirwa kuderedza kukuvadzwa. Nzira dzekuita izvi dzinosanganisira kushandiswa kwematafura ekushaker kwete macentrifuges ezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemashizha, kudonhedza kureba, uye kushandisa mashizha akapinza kana jeti-jeti blade kuderedza kukuvadzwa kana uchicheka, akadaro Bell.
Kana zvigadzirwa zvachekwa, kurongedza kunoita mutsauko wese. Ikozvino kune tekinoroji inogona kubatsira kuderedza chiyero chekufema, zvinoreva kuti metabolism, kugadzirwa kwe ethylene, kugadzirwa kwemwando uye shanduko yemavara.
"Kurongedza kunofanirwa kufananidzwa nemidziyo, kucheka saizi, musanganiswa uye huwandu uye kunofanirwa kushanda pamwe chete neinotonhora chain management kuti ishande," akadaro Bell.
Kuziviswa
Kune akati wandei eruzivo nezve kusarudzwa kwecultivar kune nyowani-yakachekwa. Imwe yedzakanakisa sarudzo kutaura nemakambani embeu nevarimi. Vanoziva zvakanyanya nezvemhando dzavo, saka vanogona kupa ruzivo rwakanyanya. Mahofisi eExtension akati wandei kumayunivhesiti akasiyana ari kuita tsvakiridzo nemichero yakachekwa. Vatsvagiri ava vanogona kugadzirisa nyaya dzine chekuita nenzvimbo dzinokura uye mamiriro.
Iyo USDA's Agricultural Research Service zvakare iri kuita tsvakiridzo mumhando nyowani dzakachekwa. Unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvetsvagiridzo iyoyo pa www.ars.usda.gov.