Chishandiso chitsva kubva kuAgricultural Research Service (ARS) inogona kufanotaura zvipingamupinyi zvekuti nyuchi dzenyuchi dzakaputirwa muchando chekuchengetera dzichava dzakakura zvekukwanisa kurenda kuitira kumeserwa kweamondi muna Kukadzi. Kuona kuti ndeapi makoroni asingakodzeri kushandisa madhora munguva yechando kunovandudza kukosha kwevapfuri venyuchi.
Vapfuri nyuchi vanga vachirasikirwa neavhareji ye30 muzana yemakororo akanyungudika kwemakore anoda kusvika gumi nemashanu. Zvinodhura kuvharira makoroni munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yechando inogara pamusoro pechando. Saka, tsika isingadhuri ye overwintering nyuchi makoroni munzvimbo inotonhora inochengeterwa iri kuve yakakurumbira.
Ichi chishandiso chitsva chinoverengera mukana weiyo inochengetedzwa nyuchi inogara muchando zvichienderana nezviyero zviviri: saizi yekoloni uye muzana varroa mite infestation munaGunyana, sekureva kweArS entomologist. Gloria DeGrandi-Hoffman, uyo aitungamirira chikwata. DeGrandi-Hoffman ndiye mutungamiri wekutsvagisa weARS Carl Hayden Bee Research Center muTucson, Arizona.
Nekubvunza tafura yezvingabvira zvekoroni ine nyuchi dzisingaite matanhatu - nhamba inodiwa kuti nyuchi ikwanise kuzadzisa kondirakiti yekumeserwa kwevarimi vearumondi inouya Kukadzi - vapfuri venyuchi vanogona kusarudza munaGunyana kana zvichikodzera mune zveupfumi. kuti overwinter the colony munzvimbo inotonhora yekuchengetedza.
"Kukura kwekoroni mukupera kwezhizha kana kutanga kwechirimo kunogona kunyengera nekuremekedza mikana yayo yekuzviita munguva yechando. Kunyangwe makoroni makuru ane nyuchi dzinopfuura gumi nemaviri (anenge 12 nyuchi) ane isingasviki 30,000 mukana (0.5 muzana mukana) wekuve akakodzera mukume wemaamondi kana aine 50 kana kupfuura mite pa5 nyuchi munaGunyana," DeGrandi-Hoffman akadaro. .
Kunyangwe nerubatsiro urwu rwekudzikisa mutengo, boka rekutsvagisa rakaona kuti mari kubva muchibvumirano chekukumesa pachayo haigone kupa mari inogoneka kumupfuri wenyuchi zvakare. Vakatevera 190 nyuchi makoroni uye vakanyora mari yose.
Zviwanikwa zvakati wandei zvakashandiswa kudyisa makoroni uye pavarroa mite uye pathogen control. Mutengo waive we $200 per colony.
Almond pollination zvibvumirano zvakabhadhara avhareji yemadhora zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe pakoloni muna 190.
Imwe nzira yekuti vapfuri venyuchi varambe vaine hupfumi sebhizimusi, kugadzira zvirimwa zveuchi kubva munyuchi dzavo. Izvi zvinonyanya kufambiswa nekufambisa makoroni kuenda kuchamhembe kweGreat Plains uko nyuchi dzinogona kutsvaga nekita nemukume kubva kune zvakasiyana siyana zvinomera maruva.
“Mamiriro ezvinhu achinja zvikuru. Zvinodhura kuchengetedza nyuchi nemari yekudyisa nyuchi apo maruva anenge asipo uye kudzivirira varroa mite. Uye zvakatonyanya kuoma kuwana nzvimbo dzenyuchi dzinopa chikafu chakasiyana-siyana chavanoda,” akadaro DeGrandi-Hoffman. “Mari yemukume yega haina kukwana kuti varidzi venyuchi varambe vari mubhizinesi. Asi isu tinoda vapfuri nyuchi nekuti nyuchi dzinochengeterwa nyuchi dzanyanya mukurima nhasi.
Kubudirira kushandisa chengetedzo inotonhora kunobatsira vapfuri nyuchi, asi isu tiri kungodzidza kuti ndedzipi nzira dzekutonga dzinofanirwa kuve nekutonhora kwekuchengetedza, "akawedzera.
Iri basa rakabudiswa mu Nyaya yeEconomic Entomology.
The Yekurima Yekutsigira Service ndiye Dhipatimendi reUnited States rezvekurima, mukuru wesainzi yemumba. Mazuva ese, ARS inotarisa pamhinduro kumatambudziko ekurima ari kukanganisa America. Dhora rega rega rakaiswa mukutsvaga kwekurima kunoguma mu $ 20 yehupfumi.
- Kim Kaplan, USDA ARS