Singapore idiki zvakapetwa kana kupfuura Moscow (nzvimbo yayo inongotora 730 km2 chete). Mapurazi anotora isingasviki 1% yevhu, uye chikamu chechikamu chekurima muGDP chishoma 0.03%. Mvura inowanikawo ishoma pano. Kudyisa vagari vayo vane mamirioni matanhatu, nyika inotenga zvinopfuura 6% yechikafu.
Anenge makore masere apfuura, zviremera zveSingapore zvakakatyamadzwa nomubvunzo wokuti: nzira yokuderedza nayo kutsamira kwezvokudya munyika pakutengesa kunze? Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunokonzera kusanaya kwemvura nemafashamu nekuvhiringa cheni dzekugovera zvinhu. Denda uye kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika munyika zvakangowedzera kunetseka. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezve izvo vaSingapore vakauya nazvo pakupedzisira uye nei vachibudirira.
Asi kutanga - rubatsiro ruduku.
MuSingapore, hazvisi zvese zvagara zvakashata nezvekurima. Mumakore ekuma1960, 10% yevagari vaishanda mukurima, uye mapurazi akatora 25% yendima. Varimi vemuno vakapa 60% yemuriwo munyika, 90% nenyama, 100% nemazai. Pane imwe nguva, Singapore yakatanga kutengesa nyama yenguruve pachayo.
Asi muna 1959, Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew akatanga kutonga. Kutenda kwaari, nyika ine urombo, yakadzokera kumashure yashanduka kuita nyika yakabudirira ine imwe yepamusoro-soro GDP pamunhu. Singapore yakatanga hukuru hwemaindasitiri.
Nzizi dzakashanduka kuita madziva, minda yepurazi kuita nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri kana nzvimbo dzinogara vanhu. Muna 1984, nyika yakamira kugadzira nyama yenguruve. Nzvimbo yeminda yekurima yakadzikira nekukurumidza kubva pa25% muma1960 kusvika pa10% muma1970.
Nhasi, zvekurima muSingapore hazvina kugadzirwa, inenge 1% yevhu inorimwa panzvimbo yatove diki yenyika.
Chirongwa Chitsva cheSingapore
Pakutanga kwe2019, Singapore yakazvigadzirira chinangwa chekuda: kugadzira 30% yezvokudya zvose zvinodiwa zvakasununguka ne 2030. Purogiramu yakanzi "30 kusvika 30". Kuenzanisa: nhasi Singapore inogadzira 8% yemiriwo inodyiwa nevagari vayo uye 8% yenyama.
Muna 2021, zviremera zvenyika zvakati kuti hurongwa uhu huzadziswe, zvinhu zviviri zvinofanirwa kuitwa: kugadzirisa nzvimbo yezvinodiwa nevarimi uye kupa mari yekuvandudza tekinoroji mhinduro. Ngatitaurirei zvimwe pamusoro penzira idzi.
Tinopaka mapurazi pamatenga edzimba, kana kuti vanhu vokuSingapore vanowana kupi nzvimbo dzokurima?
Nepasi diki, vanhu vekuSingapore vanomanikidzwa chaizvo kugadzira. Kuti vawedzere musika wepamba nechikafu, hurumende yenyika zvakare yakananga kune imwe ye "zviyeuchidzo" zvekugara kweSingapore - mapaki emota ane nhurikidzwa dzakawanda, matenga ayo ave kushandurwa kuita "mapurazi akatwasuka". Muna 2021, iyo Singapore Chikafu Agency yakazivisa matende ekusimudzira nzvimbo dzekupaka, nesarudzo yakapihwa kumapurazi akatwasuka achishandisa iyo Internet yezvinhu uye otomatiki kutonga kwemamiriro ekunze. Nzvimbo dzekupaka muSingapore dzakakura, saka purazi repamusoro pedenga remba rinogona kuburitsa kusvika 500 kg yegirini pazuva.
Singapore inopa mari kunaani?
Muna 2020, Singapore yakaunza madhora makumi matatu emamiriyoni emadhora "30 × 30 kuratidza" grant system. Hurumende inopa mari inosvika 30% yemitengo yemapurojekiti epamusoro-soro masisitimu emapurazi anogona kugadzirwa uye kuiswa mukushanda mukati memwedzi mitanhatu kusvika makumi maviri nemina. Semuenzaniso, muna 85, mari yakapiwa neKalera, iyo iri kuvaka imwe yemapurazi makuru epasi rose muSingapore: inopfuura mamita gumi nemashanu kumusoro uye inokwanisa kugadzira matani anopfuura 6 emiriwo pagore. Homwe yeShanduro yeAgro-chikafu Cluster kusvika 24 inopa rubatsiro rwemari inosvika mamiriyoni makumi matanhatu emadhora.
Kambani yehurumende yeTemasek inodyara mari muhunyanzvi hwekurima. Inomira pachishanu maererano neveventure capital muchikamu cheAgTech. Semuenzaniso, kambani yekudyara yakapa mari kumugadziri wemapurazi akatsiga Bowery Farming (akatora chikamu chekudyara kwemadhora mazana matatu emamiriyoni emadhora), mugadziri we "smart" michina yemadiridziro eRivulis Irrigation (kutenga kwe300% yemasheya muhuwandu. yemadhora mazana matatu nemakumi matanhatu neshanu), mugadziri weimwe mukaka Perfect Day (mutori wechikamu chekudyara kwemadhora mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu emamiriyoni). Kudyara kwaTemasek muagrotech kwakawedzera zvakapetwa kana kubva muna 85.
Singapore accelerators zvakare haisi kure kumashure. Singapore's GROW Accelerator yakaverengerwa muchiyero chezvisere zvakakura zveAccelerator Funds. Ichi chirongwa chemavhiki gumi nemaviri chekudzidzisa chinosanganisira tsigiro yemari inosvika $12.
Muna 2007, mubatanidzwa weAlliance yeMassachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) neNational Research Foundation yeSingapore inonzi SMART (The Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology) yakatangwa. YeMIT, SMART ndiyo yega nzvimbo yekutsvagisa kunze kweUnited States uye chirongwa chikuru chepasirese. Zviitwa zveSainzi zvakabhadharwa zvizere neHurumende yeSingapore.
Muna Zvita 2020, Singapore yakava nyika yekutanga pasirese kubvumidza kutengeswa kwenyama yakamera murabhoritari. Huku "kubva ku test tube" kubva kukambani yeEat Just yakatanga kutengeswa kune vatengi. Mumwe wevaridzi veEat Just ndiye Temasek.
Singapore inzvimbo yakasarudzika yekuyedza yeagrotech mhinduro. Dzimwe nyika dzese dzinogona kutevera mhedzisiro yekuedza kwenyika uye kutora mhedziso, vachiedza pane yeagrotech maonero ivo pachavo.
Kunobva: https://vc.ru