Kuongorora kwezvino kumera kwechirimwa ndiyo tekinoroji iri kusimukira yaungangove wakanzwa ichitaurwa muhurukuro nevezera rako vanorima munguva pfupi yapfuura. Chishandiso chinotora sampling yechinyakare kusvika padanho repamusoro nekupa nzwisiso yakadzama pane zviri kuitika muzvirimwa kuitira kuti uite zvinovaka muviri zvine ruzivo uye sarudzo dzefetereza.
Vazhinji vanoidaidza kuti bvunzo yeropa yezvirimwa, muchidimbu nekuti sampuli dzakadhonzwa kuongororo yesap dzinotarisa pamuto (xylem uye phloem) muvascular system ye petioles, mashizha, uye/kana madzinde. Matishu echinyakare samples anokwevera kubva kune zvinovaka muviri mukati meshizha tishu, kana kuunganidzwa kwenhoroondo yezvinovaka muviri.
Ndosaka vanotsigira tekinoroji vachiti ongororo yesap inokupa mupendero pamusoro petishu sampling. Mukutaura kwakapfava, uko masampula echinyakare echinyakare anopa mufananidzo wezvino muchirimwa, ongororo yesap inogona kutarisisa muunganidzwa wezvinovaka muviri uye nekupa tarisiro yekumberi uko kune zvinovaka muviri zvichange zviri mumazuva nemavhiki ari mberi - mavhiki mana kusvika matanhatu. mune zvimwe zviitiko. Uye bvunzo yakawedzera. Iwe unogona kuwana kuverenga kusvika ku23 akasiyana akakosha ekudya uye zvinovaka muviri zviratidzo.
Chimbo Chekudzidzisa
Agro-K, mugadziri wefoliar nutrition uye biological products, akatanga kudhonza sap analysis samples kune vatengi vayo muna 2015. Jeff Glass, Southern Business Development Manager wekambani, akadhonza uye akaongorora zvinenge zvese zvemasampuli muFlorida. Tekinoroji iyi yakashandiswa mumaranji nezvimwe zvirimwa zvakaita semastrawberries, matomatisi nemanwiwa.
Agro-K inodhonza uye inotumira masampuli kuti aongororwe nzira yese kuenda kuNetherlands. Mamwe marabhoritari mashoma pasi rose anopa masevhisi ekuongorora.
Kuongorora kweSap kunogona kukubatsira kugadzirisa mashandisirwo ezvekudya kuti uchengetedze chikafu chezvirimwa chiri muchiyero. Mishumo mibairo inoratidza kana maelementi asina kukwana, ari optimus, kana kuwandisa. Girazi rinoti chinhu chawandisa chinogona kukuvadza sechisina kukwana. Semuenzaniso, mu citrus, kana nitrates yakawandisa, muti unofanirwa kumisa chikafu kana uchichida kana kwete. Izvi zvinoreva kuwedzera kushushikana pamuti wakatosimbiswa kubva pamhedzisiro yeHLB. Zvimwe zvinhu, kana zvakanyanyisa, zvinosunga kuwanikwa kwezvimwe zvinhu muchirimwa. Cumulative data kubva kumasamples inoratidza kushushikana kwezvakanyanya kudya zvinovaka muviri zvinogona kutungamira mukudonha kwemichero mucitrus.
Varimi Vanokwira Pabhodhi
Kunyange zvichingori mumazuva ekutanga ekurerwa, varimi vakawanda vari kutanga kubatanidza ongororo yesap muzvirongwa zvavo zvekubereka. Mumwe murimi wemastrawberry Dustin Grooms, Maneja Wepurazi paFancy Farms muPlant City, FL. Anoshandisa grid sampling yevhu kuisa fetereza yepasi achishandisa mitengo yakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nezvinenge zvabuda.
"Tiri kudzidza zvakawanda kuburikidza nekuongorora kwemvura nezvekudya, nguva yekushandiswa, uye zvinodiwa nechirimwa," Grooms anodaro. “Zviri kunetsa. Unogona kuchengetedza mari kana uchinge watanga kuita izvozvo nekupa chirimwa chete zvachinoda kwete kutenga fetereza woisa nekuti ndizvo zvawagara uchiita. Isu tinowanzo kupfura kune imwe huwandu hwenitrogen, potasium, uye phosphorus zvichibva paYunivhesiti yeFlorida neBMP [zvakanakisa manejimendi maitiro] mazano. Zvino kubva pahwaro hwekutanga, isu tinoshandisa sap ongororo kudhiya mukudya pane izvo chirimwa chinoda. Ongororo iyi inotungamira mumwaka wefoliar uye fertigation application. "
Bryan Paul Jr. waBob Paul Groves akatanga kushandisa sap analysis kuti awane mubato uri nani pamiedzo yemumunda yaaiitisa.
“Aka kaive mwaka wekutanga kushandisa ongororo yemvura,” anodaro. “Ndanga ndichiita ongororo yemhando dzakasiyana dzefetereza asi ndichishandisa ongororo yechinyakare. Mhedzisiro yangu yaive isingaenderane, zvaive zvakaoma kuita chero pfungwa yekuita kwechigadzirwa muyedzo. Nekuongororwa kwemvura, ndiri kuwana mibairo yechokwadi inowirirana kubva kune imwe mushumo kuenda kune inotevera. "
Akacherechedzawo kuongorora kwaizoratidza kushomeka kwekudya vasati varatidza nemaziso pamuti.
"Tiri kuzviona zvakanyanya nezvinhu zvidiki se zinc, iron, uye manganese," anodaro. “Izvozvo tinozvikwanisa kukasika tozvigadzirisa, uye tinoona mutsauko pamaitiro emiti kubva mumwaka wapera.
“Nekuverenga kwakaringana, tiri kuenzanisa chikafu. Isu tiri kutsigira pakushandisa nitrogen uye kunyange imwe papotassium. Isu tinoronga kuenderera mberi nekushandisa sap analysis, nekuti ndinotenda tichaona mabhenefiti ekuwedzera nekufamba kwenguva apo isu tichienzanisa chikafu mumiti iyi. "
Maurice Turgeau weThayer Citrus akatanga kushandisa sap analysis muna 2019. Anoti kukwanisa kuwana tarisiro yezvinodiwa nemuti wacho pachine nguva kwakamira pachena sezvo anga achishandisa chishandiso.
"Isu tinowana mushumo uye tinoona zvinhu zvichiitika mumavhiki mashoma kana matatu izvo zvinoda kugadziriswa izvozvi," anodaro. “Tikamirira nguva iyoyo, tinenge tapotsa mukana wekuzvigadzirisa nenzira inoshingaira. Tichishandisa ongororo yechinyakare, zvaiita sekunge taigara tichidzingirira miswe yedu kana zvasvika pasarudzo dzekuzvara. "
Akadzidza zvakare kuti pane nguva yekuregera pane zvimwe zvinovaka muviri zviri kuiswa uye kubhadhara zvakanyanya kune zvidiki zvinhu.
“Takasiyana nekuisa fetereza yemvura nekuti taiona kuti nitrate yedu yakawandisa,” anodaro. “Iye zvino tave kutarisa zvinhu zvatisina kumbobvira tanyatsoteerera zvakanyanya sesilika, molybdenum, uye cobalt. Tiri kuona kuti pamwe vanotsoropodza kupfuura zvataifunga.
"Zvakare, kuongororwa kwemvura kuri kutiratidza kuti kuwandisa uye kushomeka kwezvinhu kunogona kutanga sei mhedzisiro yemamwe matambudziko muchirimwa. Munoziva tsumo yechikuru, mashanga akatyora musana wengamera. Hwakanga husati huri huswa humwe; ndiwo waiva uremu hwose hweshanga idzodzo. Tinoenderera mberi nekudzidza kuti zvinhu zvose izvi zvinotamba sei muhutano hwemuti. Iyo data yatiri kuunganidza nekufamba kwenguva iri kushandura kurudziro pamusoro peiyo chiyero chakakodzera chekudya kwakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nekuti miti inoita sei. Aya mapoinzi edata uye maitiro atinoita zvinondiyeuchidza nezvemaitiro ehungwaru hwekugadzira. "
Mushure mekushandisa sap kuongorora kwemwaka wakazara kutungamira sarudzo dzekudya, Turgeau anoti anogona kuzviona mumiti. “Miti inotaridzika kuva neutano hwakanaka, mwaka uno takava negoho riri nani, uye tiri kuona kuchengetwa kwemichero kuri nani,” anodaro.
MaSap Samples Anodhonzwa Sei?
Kudhonza muto ongororo inzira yakati siyanei pane yechinyakare tishu sampuro. Sampuli dzevhu dzichiri kudikanwa kana uchishandisa sap analysis uye isa hwaro hwekuverengwa kwezvinovaka muviri muvhu. Kazhinji echinyakare masampula ematishu anodhonzwa panguva imwe chete sesap kuongororwa kwezvinangwa zvekuenzanisa, kunyangwe zvisiri madikanwa.
Sap analysis inoda kuunganidzwa kwemashizha akakura uye mashizha maduku. Izvi zvinoratidza kufamba kunoshanda kunosvika makumi maviri nematatu akasiyana ari kuongororwa. Tora phosphorus semuenzaniso: shizha diki rinogona kuratidza mwero wepamusoro, asi shizha rekare rinogona kuratidza phosphorus yakaderera. Kana chiyero mushizha rekare chiri pasi pehuwandu hwehuwandu mumashizha maduku, kuongorora kunoratidza kushomeka kwe phosphorus. Muchiitiko ichocho, mashizha maduku ari kukwevera chikafu kubva pamashizha ekare.
Pamusoro pezvo, sampuli dzinofanirwa kudhonzwa mumaawa emangwanani - kubva pakuvira kwezuva kusvika kuma 10 am - iyo vascular system yechirimwa isati yamuka muchiedza chezuva. Mashizha anofanirwa kuchengetwa akaoma uye achitonhorera asati atumirwa kuti aongororwe, asi kwete kuomeswa nechando nekuti zvinokanganisa vascular zvivako. Inenge magiramu makumi masere anokosha ezvose zviri zviviri mashizha madiki neakura anofanira kuunganidzwa. Mucitrus, iyo inenge 80 kusvika 55 mashizha pamuenzaniso.