Vamiriri veRussia greenhouse indasitiri vanogona kukumbira zviremera kuti zvipe mari yakawedzera zvakanyanya mari yemagetsi. Izvi ndezvekutanga pane zvese, zvine chekuita negreenhouse complexes anoshandisa mwenje wekuwedzera pabasa regore rose. Kwemakore mashanu, mitengo yemagetsi yakawedzera ne37%, gasi ne28%, uye mugove wesimba rekushandisa mumutengo wekutanga unodarika 50%.
"Sekuona kwangu, kupa rubatsiro rwemagetsi kumagreenhouses ane tsika dzakareruka zvichabatsira chaizvo mapurazi edu egreenhouse, kunyanya kubva mukupera kwematsutso kusvika pakati pechirimo," Tamara Reshetnikova, general director wekambani ye "Technologies of Growth" akadaro kuAgroinvestor. . Anowedzera kuti dambudziko nderekuti, kusvika ikozvino, hapana zviratidzo zvechokwadi zvekuti kuwedzera kwemutengo kuchaderera.
Nzvimbo dzinokosha
Gore rino, Bazi rezvekurima rakaita shanduko kuchirongwa chenyika chekusimudzira kurima uye chaisanganisira kukura kwemuriwo wegreenhouse pakati penzvimbo dzinokosha dzinopihwa rubatsiro rwekukurudzira patani yezvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa, izvo zvinotsigira indasitiri iyi, maererano naGuriy Shilov. , nhengo yebhodhi yeFruit and Vegetable Union. Zvisinei, tichifunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu ehupfumi uye kukwira kwemitengo, zvingave zvisina kukwana, uye mubatanidzwa weindasitiri ungafanira kutangazve nyaya yekubhadhara mari yemagetsi kune greenhouse complexes dzinoshandisa mwenje wekuwedzera wegore rose kugadzirwa.
Zviwanikwa zvesimba ndizvo zvinonyanya kufambisa mutengo wekukura. Uye zvakare, mitengo yezvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira chirimwa uye fetiraiza yakakwira zvakanyanya, uye mutengo wemidziyo uye kurongedza wakaratidza kukura kusati kwamboitika kwe40-45% mumwedzi mitanhatu yekutanga ye2021. zvigadzirwa zve greenhouse complexes hazvina basa: muhafu yekutanga yegore rino, zvichienzaniswa ne2019, mitengo yemagaka yakawedzera ne5% chete, yemadomasi ne4%.
Mamiriro ehupfumi anogamuchirwa
Mukuru weFruit and Vegetable Union Mikhail Glushkov akajekesa kuti danho idzva rekutsigira mari patani yezvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa zvichatotanga kushanda kubva gore rinouya. "Uye, kana izvi zvisina kukwana kugadzira mamiriro ehupfumi anogamuchirika kune greenhouse complexes, isu tichafunga nezve mukana wekunyorera kuhurumende kubhadhara mari yemagetsi," akadaro. Sekureva kwaGlushkov, chirongwa cheFruit and Vegetable Union chekutsigira mari yemagetsi chakatokurukurwa neGurukota rezvekurima Dmitry Patrushev muna Gumiguru gore rapfuura, asi zvakazosarudzwa kutevera nzira yerubatsiro runokurudzira.
Kubatsira kweiyo greenhouse indasitiri muna 2019 yaive 16%, muna 2020 7%, uye muna 2021 inotarisirwa kusvika 9%. Kudonhedza kwakasimba kwegore rekupedzisira kunotsanangurwa nekuzviparadzanisa uye kuderera kwekuda. Gore rino, mitengo yakawanda inenge iri pamwero we 2019. Kutaura zvazviri, ivo vakakwirira kudarika muna 2020, asi nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemari yekugadzira, purofiti yakaderera pane 2019.
Mari yekugadzira zvinhu
Tichifunga nezve data kubva kuvatambi vemusika, mugore rapfuura, mutengo wekugadzira wakawedzera zvakanyanya, kunyanya mumagreenhouses ane tsika yakareruka, inosimbisa Reshetnikova. Asi nyaya yacho haisi mumitengo yemagetsi uye gasi chete: mutengo wekugadzirisa zvinhu uri kukura kunyange nekukurumidza uye nesimba. Kuwedzera kwegore, maererano nekufungidzira kwakasiyana-siyana, kwakabva ku50% kusvika ku100%, iyo yakaratidzwa kwete chete mumiti yegreenhouse. Zvakare, nekuda kwekukwira kwemutengo wegesi nemagetsi, mutengo wefetereza, zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira chirimwa, mafuta uye mafuta, simbi, uye nekudaro, michina, midziyo, nezvimwewo, yakawedzera zvakanyanya.
Mutengo wekugadzira greenhouse miriwo yegore wakawedzera neavhareji ye25%. Izvi zvinonyanya kucherechedzwa mumapurazi iwayo umo maitiro ebhizinesi asina kunyatso nyatso kudzorwa, uye kushandiswa kwesimba hakushande. Mumagreenhouses matsva ane simba rakanaka rekutonga, kuwedzera kwemutengo kwaive kushoma. “Zvichava zvakanaka kana hurumende ikapa rubatsiro rwekuwedzera, asi kana vakawedzera munzvimbo iyi, zvinoreva kuti mari yerubatsiro mune imwe nyika ichave shoma, uye vanoshandira munzvimbo dzakavhurika vanodawo rubatsiro, nekuti vane mari dzekusimudzira. mafuta uye mafuta ekuzora, simbi, fetereza, uye zvigadzirwa zvinodzivirira zvirimwa,” Reshetnikova anosimbisa.