Chinyorwa ichi chinopa chiedza pamusoro penyaya yemishonga yefungidziro iri kutyisidzira kurarama kweminda yemizambiringa. Nekuongorora data razvino kubva kuzvinyorwa zvinozivikanwa, tinoongorora kukanganisa kwekushandiswa kwefungicide pane ecosystem yemunda wemizambiringa, kukurukura zvingagadziriswa, uye tinosimbisa kukosha kwemaitiro anoenderera. Sangana nesu patinenge tichiongorora nyaya iyi yakakosha kuvarimi, maagronomists, mainjiniya ezvekurima, varidzi vemapurazi, uye masayendisiti ezvekurima.
Minda yemizambiringa, yakakurumbira nokuda kwenzvimbo dzayo dzakaisvonaka newaini yakanaka, yakatarisana netyisidziro huru inoisa mungozi kuvapo kwayo kumene. Tsvagiridzo ichangoburwa, sezvakashumwa paPhys.org, inoratidza kukuvadza kungangoitwa nefungicides kune ecosystem yemunda wemizambiringa uye inosimbisa kudiwa kwekukurumidzira kugadzirisa nyaya iyi. Muchikamu chino, tinoongorora data, kuongorora mhedzisiro yekushandiswa kwefungicide, uye tinosimbisa kukosha kwemaitiro akasimba ekusimba kwenguva refu kweminda yemizambiringa.
Zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvefungicides yemumunda wemizambiringa zvakasimudza mabhero munharaunda yezvekurima. Vatsvaguri vakaona kuti kushandiswa kwemamwe fungicides, kunyangwe ichibudirira mukudzora hosha dzefungal, inogona kuve nemhedzisiro isingatarisirwe pane yakatetepa chiyero chezvipenyu zvemunda wemizambiringa. Aya fungicides haangobata utachiona hwakanangwa chete asi zvakare kukanganisa tupukanana tunobatsira, senge mbiriso nebhakitiriya, anoita basa rakakosha muhutano hwevhu, kukura kwemizambiringa, uye kuviriswa kwewaini.
Kukanganisika kweaya ma microorganism anobatsira anogona kutungamira mukudonha kwemhedzisiro yakaipa, kusanganisira kuderera kwevhu kubereka, kukanganisa hutano hwemuzambiringa, kuchinjwa kwewaini, uye kuwedzera kubatwa nezvirwere. Pamusoro pezvo, kuunganidzwa kwefungicides munharaunda kunogona kukanganisa zvipenyu zvisina chinangwa, mapollinator, uye zvakatenderedza ecosystem. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinosimbisa kukosha kweimwe nzira yakazara uye yakagadzikana yekutarisira munda wemizambiringa.
Kuti uchengetedze hutano hweminda yemizambiringa, zvakakosha kutora maitiro akasimba anoderedza kuvimba nefungicides. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) maitiro, ayo anosimbisa kudzivirira, kutarisa, uye kupindira kwakananga, inogona kuva chinhu chinokosha mukuderedza kushandiswa kwefungicide. Nekushandisa tsika dzechivanhu, senge canopy manejimendi, kutenderera kwezvirimwa, uye kusarudzwa kwemarudzi emuzambiringa asingarware, varimi vanogona kugadzira hutano hwemumunda wemuzambiringa hunoenderana nezvirwere zvefungal.
Pamusoro pezvo, kurima organic uye biodynamic kurima kunopa dzimwe nzira dzinosimudzira kusiyana kwezvipenyu, hutano hwevhu, uye nzira dzekudzivirira tumbuyu. Idzi nzira dzinoisa pamberi pekushandiswa kwe organic fungicides inotorwa kubva kune yakasarudzika masosi uye kukwidziridzwa kweiyo microbial siyana, izvo zvinogona kubatsira mukudzvinyirirwa kwechirwere uye kusimba kwemunda wemizambiringa.
Mukupedzisa, kutyisidzira kunokonzerwa nefungicides muminda yemizambiringa kunoda kuti pave neshanduko yekuenda kune inoenderera mberi yekutonga kwemunda wemizambiringa. Nekubvuma mhedzisiro isingatarisirwe yekushandiswa kwefungicide, kutora nzira dzakabatanidzwa dzekutonga zvipembenene, uye kugamuchira organic uye biodynamic maitiro, varimi vanogona kuchengetedza kugona kwenguva refu kwezvipenyu zvemunda wemizambiringa. Kuchengetedza simba remumunda wemizambiringa kunoda kushanda nesimba kubva kuvarimi, maagronomists, mainjiniya ezvekurima, uye masayendisiti kuti vaenzanise pakati pekudzora hosha nekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.
Tags: minda yemizambiringa, fungicides, ecosystem hutano, inoenderera maitiro, integrated pest management, organic farming, vineyard management, biodiversity, hutano hwevhu