Muongorori weCornell apedza chirongwa chemakumi emakore chekugadzira mhando nyowani dzematomatisi dzinoramba tumbuyu uye kudzikisira kutapurirana kwechirwere chetachiona netumbuyu.
Martha Mutschler-Chu, murimi wezvirimwa uye geneticist anotungamira chirongwa ichi, nguva pfupi yadarika akaisa mitsara yekutsvagisa tumbuyu inodzivirira tumbuyu muUS Department of Agriculture germplasm system uye Tomato Genetics Resource Center paUniversity yeCalifornia-Davis, kuvepo kuti chero munhu awane zvirimwa zvekutsvaga.
Chitubu chino, Mutschler-Chu achapedzisa kugadzira seti nyowani yemitsara makumi maviri emhando yepamusoro, iyo inozoitwa kuti iwanikwe kune chero kambani yembeu inofarira, iyo inogona kuberekesa tupukanana mumhando dzekutengesa. Kuuchika marudzi matsva kunogona kutora makambani embeu kusvika kumakore mashanu asati atanga kutengesa mhando itsva dzinoshingirira tumbuyu.
Kune varimi, mabhenefiti aya anopa kurasikirwa kwechirimwa kushoma uye kukuvadzwa kwemichero, ukuwo achibvisa kana kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene nekuchengetedza nharaunda.
Kusabatwa netumbuyu mumadomasi aya kwakatorwa kubva kumatomatisi emusango anowanikwa kuPeru, Solanum pennellii. Madomasi eAndean ane tubvudzi tunonzi trichomes anoburitsa madonhwe emusanganiswa weshuga, anonzi acylsugars, anodzinga tumbuyu. Nenzira iyi, zvirimwa zvakachengeteka uye zvakasununguka zvinodzivirira zvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichizvidzivirira kubva pakudyisa, kudya mashizha uye kutamisa mavhairasi, kana kukandira mazai, uko makonye anogona kukanganisa zvirimwa.
"Mitsetse mitsva iyi inosanganisa zvirimwa zvemhando yepamusoro uye michero ine acylsugars akakwira, makambani embeu akasanganiswa anofanirwa kuendesa iyo acylsugar mumhando dzekutengesa," akadaro Mutschler-Chu, purofesa akabuda muChikoro cheIntegrative Plant Science, Plant Breeding uye Genetics Chikamu. , chikamu cheKoreji yeKurima uye Hupenyu Sayenzi.
Mumunda uye murabhoritari bvunzo dzemitsara yekutanga yekutsvagisa, masayendisiti ekudyara kubva kuCornell nevamwe vanomwe vanobatana navo yunivhesiti (North Carolina State University; University of Georgia, Clemson University; University of Florida; University of California, Davis; University of California, Riverside; uye Tennessee Tech University) yakaona kuti mazinga akakodzera uye chimiro cheacylsugars chaidzora maruva ekumadokero mathrips anoparadzira utachiwana, uye nhunzi dzesweet potato, dzinoparadzira utachiona hweyellow leaf curl. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvirimwa zvishoma zvakatapukirwa nezvirwere izvi zvinoparadza uye, mukati miedzo yemunda, zvirwere izvozvo zvakaitika mumwaka wapera.
"Kune kudzora hutachiona kwakanyanya, ndakakurudzira kuti makambani embeu ashandise nzira mbiri: kugadzira mahybrids ane ese acylsugar hunhu uye akajairwa hutachiona hwekudzivirira," Mutschler-Chu akadaro. Kana zvipembenene zvikakwanisa kuuraya chirimwa chine utachiona pasinei nema<em>acylsugars, majini anodzivirira utachiona anopa imwe dziviriro.
"Iyo hurongwa hunochengetedza hutachiona hwekudzivirira hutachiona hwekushandisa nekuti kana paine hutachiona hushoma huchipinda muchirimwa, mukana wekuti hutachiona huve nekuchinja kwakangoerekana kwaita hunoita dhiri rinokunda kuramba hunodzikawo," Mutschler-Chu akadaro. Saizvozvo, sezvo acylsugars isiri chepfu uye isingauraye tumbuyu, pane kushomeka kwekusarudzwa kwezvipembenene pachavo kuti zvishivirire, saka zvinogadzirisa zvishoma nezvishoma kune inodzinga.
Mitsara mitsva yevakuru, ichavepo munguva pfupi kumakambani embeu, yakave neakawanda ejene remusango kubva kuS. pennellii anosimudzira agronomically asingadiwi maitiro abviswa kubva kumajenomes avo. Mutschler-Chu akachengetedza acylsugar genes akakosha achibvisa mamwe akawanda emusango aikonzera hunhu hwakaipa senge matavi akawandisa, michero midiki uye kunhuhwirira. Nepo mitsetse yekutanga yekutsvagisa yaive inosvika 12% yemusango S. pennellii DNA, mitsetse mitsva iri pasi kusvika pa2.5% yemusango DNA.
Mukutaura kwakakura, basa rinoratidza maitiro ekubatanidza hunhu hwakakosha, hwakavakirwa pane yakachengeteka yakasikwa komputa, inodzorwa neakawanda majini, uye inoshanda kurwisa. ma virus uye zvipembenene zvakawanda, zano rinogona kubatsirawo zvimwe zvirimwa, akadaro Mutschler-Chu.
Kunyange mitsara yevakuru ichizoburitswa zvisiri zvekambani yembeu kuti ibereke hunhu mumhando dzayo dzekutengesa, vanozofanira kunyorera rezinesi kuCornell's Center for Technology Licensing vasati vatengesa mbeu.