Sezvo kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kunotarisirwa kutungamira kune nguva zhinji dzekusanaya kwemvura, vaongorori vari kuwedzera kushanda kuti vawane zviwanikwa zvinogona kubatsira zvirimwa kujairana nekurebesa mvura.
Vatsvagiri kubva kuBoyce Thompson Institute neCornell University vakapedza chidzidzo chekutanga kuti vape mufananidzo wakakwana wekuchinja kwemajini mukupindura kushushikana kwemvura mumuchero-thematomatisi, Solanum lycopersicum-inoziva majini anogona kubatsira varimi vezvirimwa kugadzira michero inogona kurarama kusanaya kwemvura.
Rakabudiswa mumagazini yaDecember Dyara Physiology, basa racho rakatungamirirwa neboka rekutsvakurudza raCarmen Catalá, mubatsiri wepurofesa paBTI uye Senior Research Associate muChikoro cheIntegrative Plant Science (SIPS) kuCornell. Vanoshanda navo vanoongorora vanosanganisira Jocelyn Rose, purofesa muSIPS, uye mapurofesa eBTI Jim Giovannoni, Zhangjun Fei naLukas Mueller, vanova mapurofesa adjunct muSIPS.
"Takaona huwandu hwemajini anobatanidzwa mukupindura kwekunetseka kwemvura mumuchero wedomasi," akadaro Catalá. “Iko zvino tinogona kutanga kusarudza ma<em>gene anogona kubatsira varimi kugadzira michero inofambirana nekusanaya kwemvura, kwete matomatisi chete asiwo mazambiringa, maapuro nemichero ine nyama. Uku ndiko kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwe data idzi. "
Vatsvakurudzi vakatarisa kuratidzwa kwemajini mumashizha ematomatisi uye nhengo nhanhatu dzemichero (pericarp, placenta, septum, columella, jelly nembeu) panguva mbiri dzakasiyana (michero inokura uye yakaibva) uye pasi pemamiriro mana akasiyana-siyana ekumanikidzika kwemvura (hapana, nyoro, yepakati uye simba).
Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti imwe neimwe yemiti yemichero yakashanduka nenzira dzakasiyana nekufamba kwenguva.
"Zvisingasviki 1% yemajini akaratidzirwa akabatwa nekunetseka kwemvura akagoverwa pakati pemiti yese mitanhatu yemichero, uye kupfuura 50% yemajini akabatwa aive akananga kune imwechete tishu," akadaro Catala.
Kusiyana nemigumisiro yakaipa yekusanaya kwemvura, iyo inokonzera zvirwere zvemuviri uye kurasikirwa kwemichero, kune zvimwe zvakanaka zvinokonzerwa nekusanaya kwemvura-kunyanya nekusanaya kwemvura.
Semuenzaniso, vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti kushungurudzika kwemvura kunowedzera huwandu hwe lycopene mumuchero wakaibva. Lycopene ndeye antioxidant iyo yakanyora mabhenefiti ehutano. Michero yakasimbiswa nemvura zvakare yaive nemazinga epamusoro e starch biosynthesis, ayo aikwanisa kuburitsa madomasi anotapira.
Vatsvakurudzi vakawanawo kuti vaigona "kudzidzisa" matomatisi kuti arambe akasimba pakusanaya kwemvura mune ramangwana.
"Patakadyara mbeu kubva mumiti yakarapwa, takaona kuti mbesa kubva kumadomasi akaomeswa airatidza kupora kubva mukushushikana kwemvura tichienzanisa nembeu kubva kumatomatisi ekudzora," akadaro Philippe Nicolas, a postdoctoral sainzi muCatalá's lab uye munyori wekutanga papepa.
Nicolas akati vakacherekedza majini akati wandei ayo kutaura kunokonzerwa nekushushikana kwemvura mumbeu dzakura, izvo zvinogona kuita basa rakakosha mukupa kushivirira kwemvura kune chizvarwa chinotevera chezvirimwa.
Chidzidzo chacho chakanga chakaoma nenzira shomanana nokuti vatsvakurudzi vakanga vachitarisa muchero. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvezvinomera zvinopindura kusanaya kwemvura zvinoongorora midzi yembeu nemashizha nekuti zviri nyore kudzidza.
"Zviri nyore kudzvanya mbesa, asi kana ukadzvanya zvirimwa zvakanyanya saka hazvizotungi nekuita michero," akadaro Catalá. "Uyezve, kana iwe uchida kudzidza michero, unofanirwa kurima zvirimwa zvevakuru, izvo zvinotora nguva yakawanda, nzvimbo uye zviwanikwa zvese."