Muchirimo cha2019, D. Medvedev akasaina mutemo wekuda kunyoresa drones inorema kubva 250 g kusvika 30 kg, ruzivo rwakaonekwawo (pawebhusaiti yepamutemo) pane yakagadziridzwa inobvumira kubhururuka kureba inosvika 150 metres uye. kure nevanhu - kure ne50 metres.
Mitemo nemirairo pamotokari dzemuchadenga dzisina kurongwa (UAVs)
Kugadziridzwa kumutemo weUAVs waKukadzi 3, 2020 - Chirevo cheHurumende yeRussian Federation yemusi waKurume 19, 2022 No. . Hurumende yakagadzirisa bhiri iri, iko zvino huremu hudiki hwekusimuka kweiyo drone, iyo inofanirwa kunyoreswa, haifanirwe kudarika 415 kg, kana 25 g. Yeuka kuti kare uremu hwakatanga kubva 2019 g kusvika 658 kg. Ngarava dzine huremu huri pakati pe0.15g kusvika 150kg dzinofanirwa kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo. Kutanga Kurume 250, 30, vagari uye varidzi vezvidhori zvinorema kupfuura 250g vane mazuva makumi matanhatu ekunyoresa mudziyo wavo.
Kugadziridzwa kumutemo paUAVs waKukadzi 3, 2020 - kuFederal Rules yeKushandisa iyo Airspace yeRussian Federation. Chigadziriso icho, chokwadi, chinokutendera kuti ubhururuke quadrocopters uye mamwe mhando dzendege pasina kuendesa hurongwa hwekubhururuka, uchiri munzvimbo isingapfuuri 150 metres.
Kubva muna Zvita 29, 2020, varidzi vendege dzehurumende dzisina munhu dzinogona kugashira sevhisi yekunyoreswa kwemagetsi kundege isina munhu vachishandisa Unified State Services Portal kana iyo Unmanned Aircraft Registration Portal.
Ruzivo rwazvino pamusoro pemutemo weUAV rwakagadziridzwa munaKurume 22, 2021.
Kugadziridzwa kumutemo paUAVs waKukadzi 3, 2020 - kuFederal Rules yeKushandisa iyo Airspace yeRussian Federation. Kuwana mvumo yekufamba nendege dzeUAV kuburikidza neMFC (update kubva 04/05/21). Mota dzemuchadenga dzisina munhu dzinokwanisa kubhururuka kusvika pakakwirira kusvika 150 metres pasina kuwana mvumo muUnified Air Traffic Management System. Izvi zvakataurwa mukunyorwa kwesarudzo yeBazi rezvekutakurwa, yakatumirwa pa federal portal ye draft regulatory legal acts. Basa rekudzivirira kudhumhana kwedrones nendege ine vanhu uye zvimwe zvinhu zviri mumhepo, pamwe nekudhumhana nezvipingamupinyi pasi, rinogara nemutyairi wekunze, gwaro rinosimbisa.
Kubhururuka nendege isina munhu, zvinodikanwa kuendesa hurongwa hwendege kunzvimbo yedunhu yeUnified Air Traffic Management System yeRussian Federation kuti uwane mvumo yekushandisa iyo airspace.
Nendege dzeUAV pamusoro penzvimbo dzinogara, zvinodikanwa kuwana mvumo kubva kuhurumende yenzvimbo yekugara kwakadaro (kunze kwendege dzeUAV dzine huremu hwekusimuka husingasviki 0.25 kg).
Kune zvakare nzira yakarerutswa yemadrones ane huremu hwekusimuka hunosvika 30 kg paunenge uchiita ndege dzinoonekwa dzinoitwa mukati memutsara wekuona mukati menguva yemasikati uye pakakwirira isingasviki 150 m kubva pasi kana pamusoro pemvura.
Asi chiverengero chakati cheganhuriro chinofanira kurangarirwa. Ndege dzinogona kuitwa chete:
a) kunze kwenzvimbo dzekutonga dzeaerodromes, nzvimbo dzeaerodromes (heliports) yenyika uye yekuyedza ndege, nzvimbo dzakaganhurirwa, nzvimbo dzinorambidzwa ndege, nzvimbo dzakakosha, nzvimbo yemhepo pamusoro penzvimbo dzezviitiko zveveruzhinji, makwikwi emitambo epamutemo, pamwe nematanho ekuchengetedza anotakurwa. kunze maererano nemutemo wehurumende "Pane Dziviriro Yehurumende";
b) pane chinhambwe chingangoita 5 km kubva kunzvimbo dzekutonga dzendege dzisingadzoreki uye nzvimbo dzekumhara.
Drone vs Quadcopter - Ndeupi mutsauko?
Drone, quadcopter, unmanned aerial car, UAV - pakarepo pavanenge vasingadanidzi motokari dzemhepo dzisina kurongwa. Iyi ndiyo pfungwa yakajairika, saka ngatitangei nayo. Drone imotokari isina kufambiswa, asi kwete hazvo iri kubhururuka. Panzvimbo pema screws, inogona kuve nemavhiri, uye kune akawanda akawanda ezvinangwa zvema drones. Izwi rekuti drone pacharo rinoturikirwa kubva kuChirungu se "drone". Iye zvino zvatova zvakaoma kuziva kuti ndiani akatanga kudana motokari dzisina kurongeka nenzira iyo, zvinongozivikanwa kuti shoko racho rakashandiswa kare kare pakati pezana remakore rapfuura.
Kana tikataura nezve musiyano pakati pe drone uye quadrocopter, saka zvingava zvakanyanya kutaura kuti imwe pfungwa inogona kuiswa mune imwe. Ndokunge, iyo drone ndeye "Phantom" yatinoziva kwatiri, uye imwe mhando yerobhoti vacuum cleaner.
Panguva imwecheteyo, mamwe masosi anoti ndizvozvo kufonera chero chishandiso pasina kudzora drone. Zvino zvinozoitika kuti kunyangwe mota yakajairika inogona kunge iri drone, munhu anongofanira kuisa chidhinha pane gasi pedal uye kuitumira parwendo pasina mutyairi. Chirevo chisina chokwadi, saka tinokupa zano kuti usazvinetse navo, nekuti kazhinji ivo vachiri kureva zvishandiso izvo zvakagadzirirwa kushanda pasina mutyairi kana mutyairi.
Drone ipfupi ye "motokari isina munhu". Kusiyana neshoko rakapfuura, iyi pfupiso inoreva chaizvo ndege. Muchokwadi, inomirira "unmanned aerial vehicle". Izvi zvichiri zvinosanganisira mota dzinotenderera dzatinoziva, asi kunze kwavo, mamwe akawanda ma drones akasiyana zvachose kubva kune mumwe nemumwe anogona zvakare kunzi izwi iri. Ngatimboongororai muchidimbu mamwe acho.
- Nebapiro rakagadziriswa. Havana rotor uye vanoita senge ndege diki kubva kunze.
- Rotary UAVs. Drones, iyo inenge iine rotors, nerubatsiro rwekubhururuka kunoitwa.
- Convertibles. Dzinosimuka sezvikopokopo, asi dzinobhururuka sendege, dzichitsamira pamapapiro.
- Gliders. Vanogona kunge vaine kana vasina injini, vanoronga nemhepo.
- Ma drones akasungirirwa. Wired, kwete bhatiri rinoshanda.
Tichifunga nezve chokwadi chekuti zuva rega rega kugadzira akawanda uye akawanda mamodheru matsva, iyi rondedzero inogona kudzokororwa nekusingaperi. Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, quadcopter is rotary UAV (iyo, zvakare, iri drone). Uye iri nepfungwa iyi iyo kazhinji kazhinji kuvhiringidzika kunoitika. Chokwadi ndechekuti quadrocopter i drone ine 4 rotors chaiyo, uye zvingave zvisina kunaka kudaidza chero mudziyo nenzira iyoyo. Quadcopters anotumidzwa mushure mehuwandu hwemapropeller:
tricopter - 3 propellers;
quadcopter - 4 propellers;
- hexacopter - 6 propellers;
- octocopter - 8 propellers.
Quadcopters inonzi midziyo nekuda kwekuti iyi ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa modhi. Saka kukanganisa. Yese michina yemhando yerotary inonzi multicopter. Ndiko kuti, maquadcopter uye drones ane nhamba yakasiyana yepropeller ndeyeiyi pfungwa. Kana iwe uchida kutaura nezve rotary UAV usingatsanangure dhizaini chaiyo, zvingave zvakanyanya kuidana kuti "multicopter" kana kungoti "copter".
Parameters uye maitiro ekurima drones
Drone yekudzivirira goho AGR A22. 22 l tangi yemvura (yakabatana). Yakakwana-yakavakirwa-mukati magineti yemvura level sensor, chaiyo-nguva mhinduro pakushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene.
Ina piston brushless mvura pombi. Inodzora nemazvo vhoriyamu yekupfapfaidza nehuwandu hwekuyerera kwe8 litres paminiti. T-mhando inoshanda yakapfapfaidza upamhi. Mushonga wekudzimisa muromo unogona kusvika pamamita masere uye huwandu huri 8-4 ha/awa. Kudzivisa zvipingamupinyi kwakarurama, kuchengetedzwa kuri nani kwekuchengeteka. A14 RTK backlight screen remote control. Nyore kushanda, mufananidzo wakagadzikana, unochinjika zvakanyanya mushandisi interface, anosvika maawa masere ebhatiri hupenyu. Kuchaja kwakanaka, hupenyu hurefu hwebhatiri. Hungwaru huchaja bhatiri, kukurumidza kuchaja mukati memaminitsi makumi maviri.
Drone U16L-4 yekurima. U16L-4 yakagadzirirwa kupfapfaidza mumhepo, iyo inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kutorwa kwezvirimwa nembeu nemishonga yezvipembenene pasina kukanganisa zvirimwa, uye kuwedzera zvakanyanya simba rezvirimwa. Iyo U16L-4 yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza inopfuura hafu yekushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene, kuderedza mutengo wekugadzira, uye kuderedza zvakanyanya nguva iyo vashandi vanoratidzwa nemishonga yezvipembenene, nokudaro kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwehupenyu hwevashandi.
Advantages:
- zviri nyore kutakura (kupeta conveyor);
- kunyatso kudzora (yakazara kana semi-otomatiki, isingadzoreki kudzoka);
- yakavimbika (inopikisa mhepo, mvura, guruva), inodzivirira ruzha;
- kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri brushless emagetsi mota, kuramba tembiricha yepamusoro, ngura;
- semi-otomatiki kubhururuka, iwe unongoda kushandura bhatiri rekubatsira;
-Kureba kwekushanda kunotangira kubva mazana emamita kusvika kumakiromita akati wandei, maitiro ekushanda anosanganisira kudzora kwemanyorero, semi-otomatiki control uye komputa chirongwa chekudzora.
Agras-T30 yekurima. Agras-T30 inokwanisa kuparadzira mbeu, fetereza yakaoma uye kupfapfaidza zvirimwa. Iyo drone inoshongedzerwa neremote control ine yakavakirwa-mukati 5.5-inch skrini uye software yakanyatso kugadzirirwa ndege dzekurima. Mumwe mutongi anogona kudzora anosvika matatu drones.
Iine 30-litre tank uye ine 16 nozzles. Pamusoro petangi rekupfapfaidza, T30 inogona kunge ine 40 litre spreader yembeu, fetereza yakaoma kana tumbuyu. Kubhururuka otomatiki, iyo T30 inoshandisa RTK GPS system ine masendimita-level yekumisikidza kurongeka, spherical lidar yekunzvenga zvipingamupinyi, FPV kamera kumberi nekumashure.
Kugadzirwa kwe drone pakupfapfaidza kunosvika mahekita 16.2 paawa. Spray dhayamita - 9 mamita. Kuita kwemanozzles kunogona kusvika pakusimba kwe8 litres paminiti. Iko kusimba kwekugovera kwekugadzirisa kunogadziriswa ne8 solenoid valves. Iyo drone inoona zvakasara mutangi munguva chaiyo uye inodzokera otomatiki kuzowedzera mafuta.
Musanganiswa wakaoma uye mbeu yekuparadzira mbeu ine chiyero chekudya chinosvika 50 kg paminiti, kupararira kwehupamhi kusvika pamamita manomwe uye kukwanisa kusvika tani 7 paawa. Iyi sisitimu inotsigirawo chaiyo-nguva yekutarisa uremu uye ine inotenderera sensor kuti ipe yakanyatso kuzivisa yekuzadzazve.
Matanda maviri ane mhino akaiswa anogona kukwira kune imwe kona, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kutora chikamu chezasi chezvirimwa pakupfapfaidza. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kana uchibhururuka pakati peminda yemichero neminda yemizambiringa.
Nerubatsiro rweomnidirectional lidar uye makamera maviri, iyo drone inoteedzera nzvimbo uye inoidzokorora paurefu hwenguva dzose pamusoro pemiti. Lidar uye mwenje we LED wekhamera inobvumidza iwe kushanda husiku. Iyo spherical radar system inoziva zvipingamupinyi uye nzvimbo yakatenderedza mumamiriro ese ekunze uye makona ekuona, zvisinei nekuvapo kweguruva uye kupindira kwechiedza. Otomatiki kudzivirira kudhumhana uye anochinja maficha ekubhururuka anobatsira kukuchengetedza iwe paunenge uchishanda.
Nhamba yebhatiri yakavimbiswa kutenderera inosvika 1000. Nguva yekuchaja maminetsi gumi. Bhatiri harisi kutya kupisa, saka unogona kutanga kuchaja pakarepo mushure mekuitsiva. For continuous
mabhatiri maviri ane huwandu hwe29,000 mAh anokwana.
Iyo drone ine IP67 kudzivirira, haityi guruva, unyoro uye mishonga yezvipembenene.
Kukosha kwedambudziko rekushandisa maUAV
Kudzora kurimwa kwekurima parizvino hakuna kupokana. Asi kazhinji kubva mundege hazvibviri kuongorora huwandu hwakazara hwemamiriro ezvinhu muminda. Naizvozvo, kuti ikurumidze kuita izvi, zvinodikanwa kushandisa mafoto emuchadenga. Mukugadzirwa kwekurima, ndege diki dzinogara dzichishandiswa kune izvi (muRussia - ndege yerudzi rweAN-2), iyo inodhura zvakanyanya uye kazhinji isingasviki kumabhizinesi madiki ekurima. Nokudaro, munyika dzakawanda, motokari dzemuchadenga dzisina munhu (UAVs) dzinoshandiswa kudzora minda yekurima, iyo mari yacho, kubva pamaonero ehupfumi, inodhura kakawanda kudarika chero ndege ipi zvayo.
Varimi pasi rose vari kuongorora zvine mutsindo zvingaita zvekushandisa zvifambiso zvemuchadenga zvisina munhu mukurima. Tiri kutaura nezve dzimwe mhando dzekutakurwa kwefetereza, pamwe nekutarisa mafuro ehuwandu uye kunaka kwebiomass. Drones ari kuwedzera uye akakosha mune zvekurima. Kutora mifananidzo kwemuchadenga, kana kuti kunyanya, kutorwa kwemifananidzo yemuchadenga, kunoitwa pachishandiswa drone ine kamera inopfura munzvimbo inooneka uye inopisa.
Sei kushandiswa kwemaUAV kwakakosha pakurima? Nekuti kurima pasina yakawanda yemhando data inoshanduka kuita dambudziko hombe. Inenge hafu yezvinoshandiswa pakugadzirwa kwezvirimwa (kubva kune zvinwiwa kusvika kune mishonga yezvipembenene, fungicides uye herbicides) hazvina basa, sezvo zvichishandiswa muhuwandu kupfuura zvazvinofanira kunge zviri, kana kuti hazvisi munzvimbo chaiyo, semuenzaniso, mumakomba pakati, uye kwete pasi pemiti pachayo . Migumisiro yemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro inogona kuva yakanyanya kusuruvara, kusvika pakurasikirwa kwakakwana kwechirimwa.
Kana zvekurima zvakwanisa kudzora zvinoitika pachirimwa chega chega, zvinokwanisika kushandisa makemikari nemazvo. Mumapurazi madiki, varimi vanogonawo kudzora nemaoko, asi nzvimbo yeminda yakadyarwa haibvumiri kuti izvi zviitwe nekukurumidza. Kuwanda kwekuongorora kwakaitwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kunoitwa pasi nerubatsiro rweboka renyanzvi rinoshanyira minda. Kubva mundege hazvibviri kuongorora chiyero chakazara chechiitiko chacho. Nokudaro, kuti ikurumidze kuita izvi, zvakakosha kushandisa mapikicha emuchadenga, kusanganisira mabhoti anobhururuka - motokari dzemhepo dzisina kurongwa. Varimi vanozoshandisa mishonga yezvipembenene nefungidziri pavanenge vachinyatsodiwa uye muhuwandu hudiki; nenzira iyi, kusvibiswa kwezvokudya uye zvakatipoteredza nemakemikari zvichadziviswa, uye mari ichachengetwawo. Kukanganisa kwakadaro panguva yekudyara, semhanza, kufa kwezvirimwa mushure mekusanaya kwemvura kana mafashama, nezvimwe zvikonzero, zvinoda kudzora kwekushanda, izvo zvinongogona kupihwa nekutorwa kwemuchadenga kusingatariswe.
Kushandiswa kwemaUAV mukurima kunoita kuti zvikwanise: kugadzira mamepu emagetsi eminda; nhamba yeminda yekurima; kuongorora chiyero chebasa uye kutarisa kushandiswa kwavo; kuita ongororo yekushanda kwemamiriro ezvirimwa; sarudza iyo NDVI index (zvinomera index); kuongorora kumera kwembesa; kufanotaura goho; tarisa kunaka kwekurima; kuita ecological monitoring yeminda yekurima.
mabasa
- Kushanda kweawa yega yega - 16.2 mahekita.
- Yakakwirira-chaiyo kuyerera mita - maviri-chaneru yemagetsi kuyerera mita ine kukanganisa kwe ± 2%.
- Level Sensor - Inoenderera nhanho sensor (ine chaiyo-nguva yekuuraya zvipembenene kurodha yekuona uye nehungwaru yekuzadza poindi yekufungidzira).
– Yakanyanya kupfapfaidza inoyerera i7.2–8 l/min.
Kukosha kwedambudziko rekushandisa maUAV
Kudzora kurimwa kwekurima parizvino hakuna kupokana. Asi kazhinji kubva mundege hazvibviri kuongorora huwandu hwakazara hwemamiriro ezvinhu muminda. Naizvozvo, kuti ikurumidze kuita izvi, zvinodikanwa kushandisa mafoto emuchadenga. Mukugadzirwa kwekurima, ndege diki dzinogara dzichishandiswa kune izvi (muRussia - ndege yerudzi rweAN-2), iyo inodhura zvakanyanya uye kazhinji isingasviki kumabhizinesi madiki ekurima. Nokudaro, munyika dzakawanda, motokari dzemuchadenga dzisina munhu (UAVs) dzinoshandiswa kudzora minda yekurima, iyo mari yacho, kubva pamaonero ehupfumi, inodhura kakawanda kudarika chero ndege ipi zvayo.
Varimi pasi rose vari kuongorora zvine mutsindo zvingaita zvekushandisa zvifambiso zvemuchadenga zvisina munhu mukurima. Tiri kutaura nezve dzimwe mhando dzekutakurwa kwefetereza, pamwe nekutarisa mafuro ehuwandu uye kunaka kwebiomass. Drones ari kuwedzera uye akakosha mune zvekurima. Kutora mifananidzo kwemuchadenga, kana kuti kunyanya, kutorwa kwemifananidzo yemuchadenga, kunoitwa pachishandiswa drone ine kamera inopfura munzvimbo inooneka uye inopisa.
Sei kushandiswa kwemaUAV kwakakosha pakurima? Nekuti kurima pasina yakawanda yemhando data inoshanduka kuita dambudziko hombe. Inenge hafu yezvinoshandiswa pakugadzirwa kwezvirimwa (kubva kune zvinwiwa kusvika kune mishonga yezvipembenene, fungicides uye herbicides) hazvina basa, sezvo zvichishandiswa muhuwandu kupfuura zvazvinofanira kunge zviri, kana kuti hazvisi munzvimbo chaiyo, semuenzaniso, mumakomba pakati, uye kwete pasi pemiti pachayo . Migumisiro yemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro inogona kuva yakanyanya kusuruvara, kusvika pakurasikirwa kwakakwana kwechirimwa.
Kana zvekurima zvakwanisa kudzora zvinoitika pachirimwa chega chega, zvinokwanisika kushandisa makemikari nemazvo. Mumapurazi madiki, varimi vanogonawo kudzora nemaoko, asi nzvimbo yeminda yakadyarwa haibvumiri kuti izvi zviitwe nekukurumidza. Kuwanda kwekuongorora kwakaitwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kunoitwa pasi nerubatsiro rweboka renyanzvi rinoshanyira minda. Kubva mundege hazvibviri kuongorora chiyero chakazara chechiitiko chacho. Nokudaro, kuti ikurumidze kuita izvi, zvakakosha kushandisa mapikicha emuchadenga, kusanganisira mabhoti anobhururuka - motokari dzemhepo dzisina kurongwa. Varimi vanozoshandisa mishonga yezvipembenene nefungidziri pavanenge vachinyatsodiwa uye muhuwandu hudiki; nenzira iyi, kusvibiswa kwezvokudya uye zvakatipoteredza nemakemikari zvichadziviswa, uye mari ichachengetwawo. Kukanganisa kwakadaro panguva yekudyara, semhanza, kufa kwezvirimwa mushure mekusanaya kwemvura kana mafashama, nezvimwe zvikonzero, zvinoda kudzora kwekushanda, izvo zvinongogona kupihwa nekutorwa kwemuchadenga kusingatariswe.
Kushandiswa kwemaUAV mukurima kunoita kuti zvikwanise: kugadzira mamepu emagetsi eminda; nhamba yeminda yekurima; kuongorora chiyero chebasa uye kutarisa kushandiswa kwavo; kuita ongororo yekushanda kwemamiriro ezvirimwa; sarudza iyo NDVI index (zvinomera index); kuongorora kumera kwembesa; kufanotaura goho; tarisa kunaka kwekurima; kuita ecological monitoring yeminda yekurima.
Muchadenga wekutora mifananidzo UAV inotangwa, inosimuka uye inomhara mune otomatiki modhi (pa autopilot) munzira yakatakura. Iyo UAV, ichibhururuka munzira yakafanorongwa, inoita ongororo yedhijitari yenzvimbo. Mhedzisiro yeongororo ndeye yakakwirira-resolution mifananidzo panzvimbo dzakarongwa zvinoenderana neGPS coordination. Mushure mekupedza nzira yekutora mifananidzo yemuchadenga, iyo UAV inodzika panzvimbo imwechete yayakabva. Pamufananidzo wega wega, seti yakakwana yeruzivo rwedhijitari inowanikwa, iyo inorongedzerwa yepakati data point yekuchinjisa uye kushandiswa mune yakajairwa masisitimu (semuenzaniso, ArcView kana MapInfo). Saka, mapikicha ese ane georeferenced uye anogona kusonanidzwa mune imwe hombe munda orthomosaic.
Kutora mifananidzo kubva mumhepo kubva kuUAVs kunogona kutsiva mufananidzo wesatellite wepamusoro wezvekurima. Parizvino, kurima nemazvo kuri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukurima. Iyo yakavakirwa pamaonero matsva ekurima, umo munda wekurima, wakasiyana-siyana mukuyamura, agrochemical nutrient content, inoda kuiswa panzvimbo yega yega yeanonyanya kushanda matekinoroji ekurima.
MaUAV ezvekurima anogona kugadzirisa matambudziko mazhinji nekukurumidza uye zvakachipa kupfuura setiraiti. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuitwa kwebasa panguva yakakodzera, kupfura pazuva rimwe chete kunobatsira kutora matanho nekukurumidza pazvinhu zvinonyanya kunetsa. Uye panguva imwecheteyo, kuchinja kwemamiriro ezvinhu nekufamba kwenguva kucharatidzwawo nekukurumidza.
Chinangwa cheongororo yezvekurima ndechekuratidza varimi izvo zvavasingaone kubva pamusoro, uye nguva dzakakosha zvakanyanya mune iyi nyaya. Paunenge uchiitisa ongororo dzemuchadenga zuva nezuva kana kamwe chete pasvondo uye nekuzvigadzirisa mune yakasarudzika software, zvinokwanisika kuteedzera shanduko mukati memunda mumwe chete, uye aya data anogona kunyatsoenderana nekugadzirwa kwevhu.
Pamusoro pezvo, data yekutora mifananidzo yemuchadenga inogona kuve chishandiso chekushambadzira. Mamwe makambani embeu anopa mifananidzo yepamhepo yechirimwa sechikamu chekutengeswa. Panguva imwecheteyo, data reongororo yezvekurima haringori gwara rekudyara kutsvaga. Kuongorora kudyara uchishandisa mifananidzo kunogona kuita mutsauko mukutarisisa mabasa ekurima, kubatsira kudzivirira mitengo isingakodzeri yefetereza nemvura, uye vamwe vatengi vanowanzoda kubhadhara zvakanyanya kune zvigadzirwa zvinorimwa vachishandisa mafoto emuchadenga, uye nekudaro vanoda kurima kwakasimba. uye kuvimba nekurima zvirimwa.
kugumisa
- Kushandiswa kwemotokari dzemuchadenga dzisina munhu kunovimbisa kucherechedzwa kwezvirimwa panguva yekukura kwayo uye nekuzivikanwa nekukurumidza kwembesa dzinoda fetiraiza nekukurumidza.
- Nerubatsiro rweruzivo rwakawanikwa nema drones, zvinokwanisika kushandisa michina yekurima uye zvikamu zvine mwero nekunyora mamepu emagetsi eminda.
- Drones inoita kuti zvikwanise kuongorora mhedzisiro yekudyara uye nekukurumidza kutora matanho ekuvandudza basa revashandisi vemuchina, semuenzaniso, kukwirisa nzira dzemidziyo,
kudzivirira zvirimwa. - Iyo drone inogona kushandiswa zvisinei nenzvimbo.
UAV sehwaro hwekurima munguva pfupi iri kutevera
Drones dzekurima inzira itsva mukusimudzira mapurazi. MaUAV anokwanisa kuita mhando dzakasiyana dzekutsvagisa dzisingasvikike kumunhuwo zvake. Nehuremu chaihwo hwemakirogiramu mashoma, drones dzekurima dzinokwanisa kugara mumhepo kwenguva yakareba uye kuongorora nzvimbo dzehukuru hunoshamisa panguva ino.
Drones dzekurima dzinoita kuti zvikwanise kugadzira mamepu emagetsi eminda mune 3D fomati, kuverenga iyo yezvinomera index) kuitira kuti inyatso fetireza zvirimwa, kutora chiyero chebasa rinoenderera uye kuchengetedza minda yekurima.
Ngatitarisei zvakadzama mienzaniso yebasa rinogona kuitwa nemadrones ekurima.
– Ongororo yemamiriro akaita ivhu. Nerubatsiro rwemakamera nemasensa akaiswa paUAVs, varimi vanoongorora mamiriro akaita ivhu munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana voona kuti ndeupi wavo akakodzera kudyara mbeu.
- Kudyara mbeu. Parizvino kune huwandu hwekutanga pamusika unopa kudyara zvirimwa uchishandisa yakakosha madrones anopfura mhodzi capsules muvhu. Muenzaniso wekutanga kwakadaro ndeye BioCarbon Engineering, iyo yakazviitira zita muchirimo che2015 apo yakazivisa zvirongwa zvekudyara kusvika ku 1 bhiriyoni miti pagore.
– Kuongorora mamiriro echirimwa. Zvakakosha zvikuru kuti varimi vaone twupukanana tunouraya minda nenguva kuitira kuti vatore matanho anodiwa nekukasika. Izvo zvave zvichizivikanwa kwenguva refu kuti zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuora kwemamiriro ezvirimwa zvinoratidzwa mukushandurwa kwechlorophyll.
Naizvozvo, nekuisa infrared makamera paUAVs, varimi vanogona kudzidza nenguva nezve kutanga kwekukundikana kwezvirimwa. - Kukohwa. Imwe nzvimbo inogona kushandiswa yeUAVs mukurima ndeyekupfapfaidza zvirimwa nemishonga yezvipembenene uye yakakosha feteraiza. Nerubatsiro rwema drones, varimi vachakwanisa kuita basa rakadai vari kure.
– Kufanotaura goho. Iyo data yakaunganidzwa panguva yekutarisa inogona kushandiswa kugadzira akasiyana mishumo yekuongorora. Muchiitiko ichi, iyo UAV ichashandiswa sepuratifomu yekuunganidza data, nepo chikamu chikuru chebasa chichiwira pane yakasarudzika software inogadzirisa ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinototenda kuti ramangwana reUAVs dzekurima rakarara chaizvo mune iyi modhi yekusimudzira - zvishandiso pachazvo zvinova "commidity", nepo kukosha kukuru kwemusika kuchava nyanzvi dzinokwanisa kuita sarudzo dzakaringana pakuenderera mberi kweminda yekurima. zvichibva pamhedzisiro yesoftware.
Kuongorora Kwemusika
Parizvino, musika wemaUAV ezvekurima uri padanho rekutanga rebudiriro. Nekudaro, nyanzvi dzinotenda kuti kurima kuchave chimwe chezvikamu zvakakura zvemusika zvema drones mune ramangwana. Misika uye Misika muna 2016 yakafungidzira musika wemaUAVs ekurima pamadhora mazana masere nemakumi masere ane mana nemazana mana emadhora, vachifanotaura kukura kwakasimba kwepagore kwe864.4% kusvika $30 bhiriyoni panosvika 4.2. Sekureva kwenyanzvi dzeMakethe neMisika, kukura kwemusika kuchafambiswa nekuvandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma munharaunda yekutonga. , iyo yava kuonekwa munyika dzakasiyana-siyana pasi rose.
Sangano reanalyst PWC rinofungidzira kuti mumakumi mashoma emakore musika wekurima drones chete (kusingasanganisire ndege-mhando drones) inogona kuita mabhiriyoni makumi matatu nemazana mana emadhora. Uku kukura kuchafambiswa nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwepasirese kupa munhu wese chikafu, pasina hutsva muindasitiri yezvekurima inobvumira kuwedzera chibereko, yakakosha.
Pakati penyika uko kushandiswa kwekushanda kwekurima drones kuri kuitika, munhu anogona kusarudza USA, China, Japan, Brazil, EU nyika, etc. DJI, Yamaha nevamwe. Nyanzvi dzinoona kuti mumakore achangopfuura, varimi vekurima vakatanga kuratidza kufarira kwakanyanya mukushandiswa kweUAVs. Kunyanya, kambani yeAmerica Raven, inova mugovani weAgEagle drones, ichangobva kusaina zvibvumirano zvekugara kwenguva refu nevanotungamira vanogadzira michina yekurima - Deere & Company uye AGCO Corporation.
Drones iri kusimukira muindasitiri yezvekurima uye munyika yedu, kunyangwe hazvo isingafadze kudzora uye mutemo wemutemo.
- Mutemo pamusoro pe quadcopters muRussian Federation 2022. Ndinofanira kunyoresa quadcopter? 150 panzvimbo ye250 gramu. [Electronic sosi] // Profpv.ru: saiti. URL: https://
profpv.ru/zakon-o-bespilotnikah-v-rf-nuzhno-li-reg/ (yakawanika 07/25/2022). - Drone uye quadcopter - chii mutsauko? [Eletroniki zviwanikwa] // Slysky.ru:
website. URL: https://slysky.ru/blog/between-dron-and-quadrocopter.html (Yakasvika 07/25/2022). - Drone yekurima DJI Agras T30. [Electronic sosi] // Paragraf.ru: site. URL:
https://www.paragraf.ru/product-page/agrodrone-dji-agras-t30 (date of access
07/25/2022). - Karaev VV, Nartikoeva LG Drones mune zvekurima.
[Electronics sosi] // Russiandrone.ru: site. URL: https://russiandrone.ru/
zvinyorwa/bespilotniki-v-selskom-khozyaystve_/ (yakawanika 07/25/2022). - Sergeev K. Drones mune zvekurima. // kuchengetedza zviwanikwa
kurima. – Nhamba 2 – 2013. - UAV sehwaro hwekurima munguva pfupi iri kutevera. [Electronics sosi] // Rusdrone.ru: site. URL: https://rusdrone.ru/news/BPLAkakosnovazemlede
liyablizhayshegobudushchego/ (yakawanikwa 07/25/2022). - Drone mukurima. [Electronic sosi] // Tadviser.ru: saiti.
URL: https://www.tadviser.ru/index.php/Article: Drones_in_agriculture
(yakawana 25.07.2022). - Madrones anoshandiswa muminda yedunhu reSamara kudzora sora.
[Electronic sosi] // Agrarii.com: saiti. URL: https://agrarii.com/na-poljahsamarskoj-oblasti-ispolzujut-drony-dlja-borby-s-sornjakami/ (yakapindirwa
07/25/2022). - Agricultural quadrocopters. [Electronic sosi] //
Rusgeocom.ru: nzvimbo. URL: https://www.rusgeocom.ru/catalog/bespilotniki-dlyaselskogo-khoziajstva (Yakasvika 07/25/2022). - Drone mukurima. [Electronics sosi] // Geomir.ru:
website. URL: https://www.geomir.ru/publikatsii/bespilotniki-v-selskom-khozyaystve/
(yakawana 25.07.2022).