Drone scouts vakagadzirira kuita kurima kwakaringana zvakanyanya kunyanya sekufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi hwe drone.
Drones dzatosvika kumapurazi, sekureva kweFederal Aviation Administration. Zvikamu gumi nemanomwe muzana zveese zvakanyoreswa drones muna 2017 zvakashandiswa zvekurima, zvichiita kuti ive yechitatu-yepamusoro kushandiswa kwemichina iri kumashure kwereal estate / mifananidzo yemuchadenga, pa48 muzana, uye kuongororwa kwemaindasitiri, pa28 muzana.
Specialty kurima chikamu cheiyo chaiyo yekurima musika wemadrones. Mafemu eAeronautics akadai sekambani yeFrench-based Delair-Tech uye American defense drone kontrakta AeroVironment vari kushambadzira yavo yakasanganiswa sensor yekurima drones kune vakasiyana siyana varimi vezvirimwa, uye iyo Northwest imusika wakanangana.
Seattle-based MicaSense, iyo inotengesa multi-spectral drone sensor inonzi RedEdge-M, yanga ichipinda misangano yevarimi yakadai sekuungana kwevarimi vemiti yemichero kwakaitika muKennewick, Washington. Pamusangano iwoyo, CEO weMicaSense, Gabriel Torres, akakurukura ongororo yezvekurodha zvirimwa zviri kushanda nekambani.
"Tinoramba tichishanda nevarimi uye vatungamiriri veindasitiri mukuongorora kuti mifananidzo ingakanganisa sei imwe manejimendi kana kubatsira kugadzirisa zvimwe zvekufunga nezvekuita sarudzo," akadaro MicaSense Director we Enterprise Solutions Manal Elarab. "Takazvipira kuenderera mberi nekuongorora nzira nyowani dzekushandisa mifananidzo analytics mune zvezuva nezuva sarudzo dzemapurazi."
Academics, zvakare, vari kudzidza kushandiswa kwedrone kune zvakakosha zvirimwa. Vegetable Growers Nhau muna Kukadzi 2018 vakanyora nezve mubatanidzwa pakati peRochester Institute of Technology neCornell University kugadzira chirongwa che drone chekuzivisa kubatwa kwebhinzi kune chena mold. PaPenn State University, vaongorori vaviri - injinjiniya uye nyanzvi yezvekurima - vari kushanda pachirongwa che drone kuona kuvharwa kwemaruva ega uye kuremerwa kwezvirimwa mumuti wemuchero.
Kubva masoja kusvika soya beans
Kuvandudza drone technologies inoyambuka kubva kune imwe chikamu ichienda kune imwe. AeroVironment's ag drone Quantix wekutanga akatangira yaive drone yemauto yainzi Pointer yakashandiswa neUS Army neMarine Corps makore makumi matatu apfuura. Iyo kambani yakava mutengesi mukuru weUS Dhipatimendi reDziviriro mushure me30/9 uye panguva yeGulf War uye ine zvirongwa zvishanu zverekodhi kusvika parizvino neDOD.
Kunyangwe Quantix ichiitirwa kuongorora zvidyarwa kwete mhandu, kusimuka kwayo kwakamira uye pfungwa yekumhara yakabva kuchirongwa chemauto. Iyo drone ine mapapiro inotangwa ichibva yakatwasuka, senge chitundumuseremusere, asi ichidzika sendege yekutsvaira kwemifananidzo yezvirimwa.
"Ndiyo yakanakisa pasirese," akadaro AeroVironment Director weCommerce Sales Mark Dufau.
Tekinoroji inoramba ichishanduka uye makambani ari kuwana zvinhu zvitsva zvinoshanda zvakanyanya pakurima chaiko. Imwe yeyakakosha kure kure sensing tekinoroji, iyo Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), yakabva kuzvirongwa zvesatelliti muma1960 nema1970s, akadaro MicaSense Remote Sensing Applications Nyanzvi John Sulik.
“Pane zvakawanda zvaunogona kuita,” akadaro Sulik. “Idzi nzira dzechinyakare dzekuona dziri kure hadzienderane nezvirimwa zvemhando yepamusoro idzi. Havakutauriri nyaya yakawanda sezvaunoda kuziva.”
MicaSense's RedEdge-M ine makamera mashanu anoyera tsvuku, girinhi, bhuruu, pedyo-infrared uye tsvuku mupendero.
"Multispectral mifananidzo yakaratidza kuva chishandiso chine njere kana zvasvika pakuongorora munda wako kuti unetsekane," akadaro Elarab. "Indices yakavakwa kubva mumifananidzo yakawanda inobatsira mukunzwisisa kusiyanisa mukati memunda wako uye nokudaro inokutungamira kunzvimbo dzekushushikana kuti utore masampuli anomiririra anogona kuderedza kushushikana."
Mamwe mashoma akasiyana-siyana akawanda-spectral drone sensors ari pamusika wevarimi. Minneapolis-based Sentera musi waKurume 28 yakazivisa kuti yakanga iri kutengesa yayo AGX710 gimbaled sensor yekushandisa plug-uye-kutamba neDJI-brand Matrice 200 Series maindasitiri drones. Mukuru weSentera Eric Taipale akati mutambo uyu unoita kuti "zvive nyore kuti vatengi vedu vaunganidze data rinoita kubva kumunda."
"Vatengi vedu vanogadzira akawanda ezvigadzirwa zvakasiyana, uye vanoshandisa maturusi ekuongorora otomatiki pane akawanda akasiyana mashandisirwo ekurima, masango uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza," akadaro. Sentera's sensor yakarongedzerwa negore rekusvika kune software analytics platform inonzi FieldAgent iyo inopa ruzivo rwekuongorora zvirimwa kubatsira kuona chirwere, zvipembenene, uye zvimwe zvinonetsa, kuona kushomeka, uye kuongorora hutano.
Drones dziri kufambawo nzendo refu. MuFrance, Delair's DT18 ag drone inotenderwa kubhururuka kupfuura mutsara wekuona wekuona, kana BVLOS mashandiro (iyo US FFA inoda kuregererwa kweBVLOS kubhururuka). Iyo DT18 inogona kudzorwa ne3G isina waya network network uye nekudaro inogona kubhururuka kwemamaira pasina control tower.
"Mune imwe ndege unogona kuvhara maeka anopfuura 2,500 apo mitemo inokubvumira kubhururuka kumusoro," akadaro Agriculture and Forestry Product Manager Lenaic Grignard. "Tinowiriranisa hurongwa hwedu kuitira kuti goho rekuongorora zvirimwa rikwire zvakanyanya."
Yakakura zvakakwana kuti uone
Drones dzinodhura uye dzinonyanya kubatsira pakuongorora nzvimbo dzakaoma-kusvika. Saka purazi rinofanira kuva rakakura zvakadii kuitira kuti mari yacho ienderere mberi?
Vakazvimiririra, vese vaDelair's Grignard uye AeroVironment's Dufau vakauya neiyo bhora bhora mufananidzo: 1,000 maeka.
"MuUnited States, paunotanga kuva nemaeka anopfuura 1,000, inotanga kunakidza," akadaro Grignard. Dufau akataura kuti pachikumbaridzo-chiuru-maeka, "varimi kuburikidza neMidwest vanotanga kuona zvekushandisa muhurongwa."
Asi vese vakakurumidza kuwedzera kuti munzira dzakawanda zvirimwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvakasiyana zvakanyanya pane zvirimwa zvemusara uye zvinoratidza kudzoka kwepamusoro pakudyara.
"Zvinosvika pamari paeka," akadaro Dufau. “Kana mukaita kuenzanisa pakati pezvirimwa zveMidwestern row nezvirimwa zvemhando yepamusoro, nhamba idzi dzinoshanduka zvakanyanya nekuda kwehuwandu hwekuedza uye mari iri munjodzi nechirimwa chakakosha maringe nechibage nebhinzi. Huwandu uhu idiki zvakanyanya sezvaunopinda muzvirimwa zvemhando yepamusoro. "
Mumwe muenzaniso, akadaro, varimi vewaini yewaini vanozivikanwa kuendesa drones kwekupedzisira, cheki yekukurumidza yemunda wemizambiringa mudiki semaeka mashanu.
"Hazvirevi hazvo kuti, 'Unowanei?'” Dufau akadaro. “Zvausingawani ndizvo zvinokupa chivimbo chekuti uri kuita zvaunogona kuti uzvigadzirise. ... (Kwete) vanogona kuona matambudziko kunze uko asi vanogonawo kurara zviri nani husiku vachiziva kuti hapana matambudziko."
Kukosha kwechirimwa chepamusoro ndicho chikonzero makambani ekudhirowa achifunga kuti varimi vezvirimwa vakasiyana vanogona kutenga muhunyanzvi.
"Kutorwa kwembesa kunononoka muzvirimwa zvemitsetse, uye chimwe chezvikonzero zveizvi kana ukatarisa mutengo wechibage, hauna mari yekudyara kuti uende kumhando iyi yehunyanzvi," akadaro Grignard.
Elarab, weMicaSense, akataura kuti varimi vane hunyanzvi vanoita sevanokurumidza kujairana nehunyanzvi.
"Zvirimwa zvakakosha zvakave zvakagadziridza tekinoroji, seminda yemizambiringa nemiti yemichero nezvimwe zvakadaro," akadaro. “Pane kufarirwa zvakare nezvimwe zvirimwa zvakaita sekofi nemuriwo.
“Vanhu vazhinji vanofarira precision ag uye kune mwero wakasiyana-siyana wekutorwa mune zvimwe zvirimwa. Misika iri kuwedzera gore negore. Kune vanhu vazhinji vari kuwedzera kufara nekubatanidza mifananidzo muzvisarudzo zvavo zvekutonga, saka zvechokwadi kune kukura kwakawanda kuri kuitika. "
Kubva pane data kusvika kusarudzo
Kugadzira drone data uye mifananidzo inoenderana nesarudzo dzevarimi'ma manejimendi kwakakosha.
"Sensors inogadzira data," akadaro MicaSense's Sulik. “Chinodiwa nevarimi ruzivo. Saka, izvo indasitiri inoda inguva yakafanira nzira yekudzikisa iyo data mukuita ruzivo rwakakosha. Ndizvo zvinoda kugadziriswa. Uye tiri kushanda nazvo. "
Grignard, weDelair, anodana basa iri data "bottleneck."
"Pfungwa yemhinduro yese ndeyekubvisa zvimwe zvekukanganisa nedata pamatanho akasiyana ekufamba kwebasa, kubva pakutora kusvika pakugadzirisa data - hausi mutoro wemurimi wechirimwa kana murimi."
Imwe yematurusi ekuongorora inogadzira mepu yekuti varimi vatarise.
“Tinoongorora hutano hwechirimwa uye zvinodiwa nechirimwa kuti tiwane kudya kunovaka muviri tobva tagadzira mepu,” vakadaro. "Mepu iyi inogona kukosheswa kunyorerwa, semuenzaniso, mepu yenitrogen." Delair's DT18Ag zvakare ine kugona kuverenga zvidyarwa kana kuona mapundu mukudyara.
Asi Grignard akawedzera kuti algorithms haisi imwe saizi-inokodzera-ese uye mhedzisiro ichasiyana pakati pezvirimwa. Nezvirimwa zvemastrawberry, semuenzaniso, algorithm yekuverengera chirimwa inoshanda zvakanaka pamatanho ekutanga, asi gare gare algorithm inotadza sezvo zvirimwa zvinokura uye canopies inotanga kupindirana.
AeroVironment iri kushanda pachirimwa kuverenga algorithm yemiti yemichero zvirimwa, izvo Dufau akati muna Kurume kwasara mwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu kuti iwanikwe sekuwedzera kune yazvino system.
Variable rate applicators imwe tekinoroji inokura nekukurumidza mukurima chaiko. Kugona kushandiswa kweiyo drone data, akadaro Dufau, kuita kuti iyo data ichinjike kubva kune drone kuenda kune inosiyana-mwero wekushandisa wefetereza, mishonga yezvipembenene uye / kana fungicides. Drone data pazvidyarwa zvega zvakabatanidzwa kune inoshanduka-chiyero chekushandisa izvo zvinoreva kuti zvirimwa zvega zvinowana makemikari avanoda.
Asi pese painotungamira tekinoroji, Dufau akati mepu dzakavakwa nedrone dzichangove dzakanyatsojeka mune ramangwana.
"Uri kuenda kune shizha-ku-shizha, davi nebazi, uchizoongorora hutano hwezvirimwa kunze uko," akadaro. “Idzo mhando dzemamepu chaiwo ari kuzongoita nani kwenguva refu. Uye ini ndinoona rudzi urwu rwetekinoroji ichingofambisa dzimwe dzenzvimbo, kunyanya muzvirimwa zvemhando yepamusoro izvo zvisati zvanyatsoitwa. "
- Stephen Kloosterman, VGN Mubatsiri Mupepeti
Mufananidzo wepamusoro: Iyo yakagadziriswa-bapiro AeroVironment Quantix inoratidzira yakatwasuka uye yekumhara chimiro chakafanana neicho chehover drone.