#DownyMildew #PeronosporaParasitica #FungalDisease #CropProduction #ControlStrategies #Biocontrol #GeneticResistance #CropRotation #Sanitation #Fungicides
Downy mildew chirwere chefungal chinogona kuparadza zvirimwa, kunyanya izvo zviri mumhuri yeBrassicaceae, senge broccoli, kabichi, uye cauliflower. Peronospora parasitica, iyo pathogen inokonzera chirwere ichi, inogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwegoho kusvika ku80% mukuputika kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha kune varimi nevagadziri vezvokudya.
Kukura kwevhu kunotanga nekuvapo kwechirwere ichi muvhu kana marara ezvirimwa. Kana mamiriro ekunze akanaka, hutachiona hunoburitsa spores inotakurwa nemhepo kana mvura kuti iparadze chirimwa. Kana pari mukati mechirimwa, pathogen inokura nekupararira, inozopedzisira yakonzera zviratidzo zvakaita seyero uye kusvava kwemashizha uye kukura kwakamira.
Kudzivirira uye kudzora kubuda kwe downy mildew kwakakosha kuchengetedza hutano uye goho rezvirimwa. Tsika dzechivanhu dzakaita sekuchinjanisa zvirimwa nehutsanana zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza kupararira kwechirwere ichi. Fungicides inogonawo kushandiswa kudzivirira kana kudzora chirwere, asi kushanda kwavo kunogona kushomeka, uye kukura kwekusagadzikana kwehutachiona hwepathogen kunetseka.
Kurwisa kutyisidzira kuri kuramba kuchiitika kwe downy mildew, tsvakiridzo inoenderera mberi inodiwa kuti unzwisise biology yepathogen uye mabatiro ayo nechirimwa uye nharaunda. Kugadzira nzira nyowani dzekudzora, senge genetic resistance kana biocontrol agents, zvinogona zvakare kudikanwa kudzikisira kukanganisa kwechirwere ichi pakurima.
Muchidimbu, downy mildew inokonzerwa nePeronospora parasitica injodzi huru mukurimwa kwezvirimwa. Kudzivirira uye kudzora kubuda kunoda musanganiswa wetsika nekutonga kwemakemikari, nekutsvagisa kunoenderera kunodiwa kugadzira nzira itsva uye dzinoshanda dzekudzora.