#PlantDisease #FungalPathogens #CropLoss #DiseaseResistance #Agriculture #CropManagement
Leptosphaeria maculans, inozivikanwawo seblackleg fungus, ihombe fungal pathogen inobata zvirimwa zvakawanda zvecruciferous senge canola, kabichi, uye broccoli. Fungi iyi inokonzera chirwere chinozivikanwa nekuti blackleg, icho chinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwegoho, kudzikiswa kwemhando, uye kurasikirwa kwehupfumi kuvarimi.
Kuvandudzwa kweBlack Ring Spot
Chirwere ichi chinopararira kuburikidza nespores, iyo inogona kuva muvhu kana kutakurwa nemhepo, mvura, kana midziyo. Iyo fungus inotapurira chirimwa kuburikidza nemaronda kana kuvhurika kwechisikigo uye inoburitsa chepfu inouraya chirimwa. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kuonekwa kwezvironda zvitema padzinde, izvo zvinogona kusunga nekuuraya chirimwa. Chirwere ichi chinogonawo kukonzera kuibva nekutsemuka kwembeu zvichikonzera kuti goho riderere uye kunaka kwembeu.
Migumisiro Yebudiriro
Kukanganisa kweblack ring spot pazvirimwa zvecruciferous kunogona kuve kwakanyanya. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, zvinogona kukonzera kutadza kwezvirimwa zvakakwana, izvo zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yehupfumi kuvarimi. Hohwa hunogonawo kuderedza kunaka kwechirimwa chakohwewa, zvichiita kuti chisakwezve kune vanotenga. Pamusoro pezvo, chirwere ichi chinogona kuramba chiri muvhu kwemakore akati wandei, zvichiita kuti kutenderedza mbesa kuve kwakaoma uye kuwedzera njodzi yekubuda kweramangwana.
Kudzivirira uye Kutungamirira
Nzira yakanaka yekudzivirira chirwere cheblackleg kushandisa mbeu dzinoshingirira kuzvirwere, kutenderedza mbesa, nekuchengetedza hutsanana hwemumunda nekubvisa tsvina yegoho uye kuderedza kusagadzikana kwevhu. Fungicides inogona kushandiswawo kubata chirwere ichi, asi kushanda kwavo kunogona kusiyana zvichienderana nenguva uye kuoma kwechirwere.
Mukupedzisa, Leptosphaeria maculans injodzi huru kune zvirimwa zvecruciferous, zvichikonzera chirwere cheblack ring spot chinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwehupfumi kuvarimi. Matanho ekudzivirira akadai sekushandisa mbeu dzinoshingirira kuzvirwere, kutenderedza mbesa, uye hutsanana hwemumunda hunogona kubatsira kubata chirwere ichi nekuderedza kukanganisa kwacho.