Varimi vakawanda vekuBangladesh vari kurima zvirimwa zvemuriwo pachinzvimbo chemupedhi sezvo kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kuchikonzera kunaya kwemvura shoma uye pasi pevhu.
Kwemakumi emakore, Shafiqul Islam Babu akarima mupunga panyika yake kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweBangladesh - kudzamara kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kwaita kuti kunaya kwemvura kuve kusinganzwisisike uye yakanyanyisa kushandiswa mvura yepasi ikatanga kuoma pakati pemakore ekuma2000.
Sezvo goho rake remupunga rakadzikira, mihoro yake yakawedzerawo.
Zvichipindura, murimi ane makore makumi mana nemashanu okuberekwa akasarudza kurima makabheji pamunda wake – chirimwa cheukoshi hwepamusoro chinoshandisa mvura shoma pane mupunga, chine vatengi vakawanda, uye chinomupa mari yakadzikama.
"Ndakanga ndisingazive zvekuita panzvimbo yekurima paddy, iro raive basa remadzitateguru angu, (uye) ndaifanira kuchengetedza mhuri yangu nemari yangu," akadaro mubvunzurudzo achichenesa sora nemashizha akafa kubva pamahekita makumi maviri. (20-acre) purazi rekabichi.
"Zvadaro, kurima miriwo kwakandiratidza tariro." Babu akati akatengesa chirimwa chake chekabichi gore rino risati rasvika, nekuda kwemuriwo wepamusoro muDhaka, guta guru. Akakwanisa kuita mari inosvika 215,000 2,000 taka ($80,000 XNUMX), kubva paXNUMX XNUMX-odd taka yaaisimbowana pakukohwa kwake mupunga.
Kukurumidza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kwaita kuti varimi vazhinji mudunhu reRajshahi reBangladesh vachinjane mupunga nemuriwo pavanenge vachiedza kuita kuti bhizinesi ravo ribhadhare pasi rinogara richipisa.
Makore masere apfuura, mupunga ndiwo waive chirimwa chikuru mudunhu iri – asi iye zvino ndiwo “chirimwa charasika”, miriwo kubva kumakabichi kusvika kumapurwa ichiwedzera kufarirwa sezvo ichida mvura shoma, ichipa goho guru uye ichiunza mari yakawanda, sekureva kwaShamsul Wadud, mukuru. weDhipatimendi Rezvekurima reDistrict.
Varimi muRajshahi vaimbonetseka kurima mupunga kwemwaka miviri pagore, asi vazhinji vava kurima miriwo katatu kana kana pagore pamunda mumwe chete, akatsanangura Wadud.
“Vari kuwana mitengo yakanaka (uye) kurimwa kwezvirimwa zvemuriwo iko zvino kwawedzera kakawanda,” vakadaro.
Kubva 2009, nzvimbo yevhu yakatsaurirwa kurima miriwo yakawedzera zvakapetwa kusvika kumahekita makumi manomwe neshanu nemazana mashanu muRajshahi, zvichiita kuti ive dunhu guru rinogadzira miriwo munyika, nhamba dzebazi rezvekurima dzinoratidza.
Asi haisi Rajshahi chete iri kutarisa kupfuura mupunga.
Gurukota rezvekurima muBangladesh, Muhammad Abdur Razzaque, vakati hurumende iri kuda kushandisa "marudzi ese evhu rakasiiwa uye rine jecha" kuwedzera kurimwa kwemuriwo.
Ivhu rejecha rinoonekwa sepamusoro pakurima muriwo kwete mupunga nekuti rinoda mvura shoma nefetereza, vakuru vakuru vakadaro.
Kubvisa mvura yepasi
Nepo mamwe matunhu eBangladesh anga achinaya rekodhi-yemvura yemonsoon nemafashamo, kusanaya kwemvura kuri kuwedzera kuwanda mudunhu reBarind, iro rinofukidza mazhinji eRajshahi uye mamwe edunhu reRangpur.
Avhareji yemvura yenzvimbo iyi inonaya inosvika 1,100 mm (43 inches) - isingasviki hafu yeavhareji yenyika - akadaro Chowdhury Sarwar Jahan, purofesa we geology paYunivhesiti yeRajshahi.
Uye, nekuda kwekukurumidza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, avhareji yekunaya kwemvura mudunhu reBarind "iri kuderera zuva nezuva", akadaro.
Nekuda kwekunaya kwemvura kushoma, varimi mudunhu vanovimba nematsime akadzika kuti vawane mvura yekudiridza zvirimwa zvavo, vachiisa dzvinyiriro pamvura yepasi, Sarwar Jahan akawedzera.
Mvura yepasi muBarind iri kuderera ne50 kusvika 60 cm gore rega rega, maererano neBangladesh Water Development Board.
Izvi zvakakurudzira vamwe varimi muRajshahi mukupera kwa2000s kuti vaedze kurima kabichi negourd - rakafanana negaka - panzvimbo yavakasiya mupunga, sekureva kwaDewan Ali, makumi mashanu neshanu, murimi anogara mumusha weGodagari. .
“Kwapera mwedzi mishoma, vakashamisika kuona kuti nemvura shoma uye fetereza shoma vari kuwana goho rakanaka,” akadaro Ali.
“Aya mashoko akanaka akanga achibhururuka kwose kwose. Mukati memakore maviri, vazhinji vevarimi vakatanga kurima marudzi akasiyana emiriwo.”
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) inofungidzira kuti mimwe miriwo - kusanganisira matomatisi, okra neradishes - inogona kurimwa pachishandiswa marita 336 emvura pakg, zvishoma zvakapetwa kagumi pane zvinodiwa kurima mupunga wakaenzana.
Kusimudzira kurimwa kwemuriwo chinhu chakakosha kubazi reDepartment of Agricultural Extension kuRajshahi, iro riri kudzidzisa varimi – kubva mashandisirwo efotereza kusvika pakurwisa zvirwere – vachivapa mbeu pasina muripo, nekusimudzira chenjedzo yekukurudzira vamwe kuita shanduko, sekutaura kwaWadud. .
Akataura kuti hurumende yeRajshahi iri kungotarisa nzvimbo dziri kunetsekana nevarimi kurima mupunga, saka hapana njodzi yekuchinja kune miriwo inokanganisa kugadzirwa kwepaddy.
"Huwandu hwakakwana hwepaddy (mupunga) hunorimwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika," Wadud akawedzera.
Kukura 'tariro'
Kunyange zvazvo varimi vazhinji vachiti raramo yavo yakachengetedzwa nekuwana kuti muriwo unogona kubudirira pavhu rakaoma, izvo goho rakawanda rinogona dzimwe nguva kuratidza chinhu chakawandisa.
Mumwaka unobereka zvakanyanya, kuwandisa kwemari kunodzikisira mitengo yavanogona kubhadhariswa nevarimi pazvirimwa zvavo, ukuwo kuchengetedza iri dambudziko, akadaro Hossain Ali, murimi munharaunda yeGodagari kuRajshahi.
Kana varimi vakarima mupunga wakawanda kudarika wavanogona kutengesa, unokwanisa kuomeswa wochengetwa nyore kwemwedzi mitanhatu, asi miriwo yakasara inokurumidza kuora kunze kwekunge yachengetwa mufiriji.
“Kana Hurumende ikavaka midziyo inotonhora, tinokwanisa kuchengetedza (miriwo) uye mumwaka usingashandi tinogona kuitengesa nemutengo wakanaka,” akadaro Ali, uyo ane munda wemahekita 30 waanorima zvirimwa zvakasiyana zvinosanganisira cauliflower nemadomasi.
Nekudaro, kumurimi Mohammed Ali, matambudziko ekurima miriwo akakurirwa nekure nemabhenefiti emhuri yake.
Mushure mekupedza makore gumi muSaudi Arabia semushandi wekuvaka kuti atumire mari kumba, Ali akadzoka muna 2010 kuRajshahi kunorima mupunga. Asi kushomeka kwemvura kwakamumanikidza kurega, uye panzvimbo pezvo akazarura chitoro chiduku chegirosari pedyo nemba yake.
Zvadaro, kushanya kuhama munharaunda yacho kwakachinja upenyu hwaAli. Akashamisika kuona nyika yavo izere nemuriwo wakakora.
“Ndakawana tariro,” akadaro murume uye baba vevana vaviri, vanogara muLalpur, mudunhu reNatore.
Ali akadyara goho rinovava ndokunongedza mupudzi paakangosvika kumba, uye akati akatengesa goho rake rekutanga mushure memwedzi miviri.
Iye zvino, anogona kuita 28,000 taka mwedzi wega wega paeka imwe chete yemunda - uye haafanire kufunga kubva pamba kuti anotsvaga basa.
“Handifunge zvekuenda kunze kwenyika nekuti ndinokwanisa kuwana mari ine utano nekugara pamba,” akadaro Ali. "Hapana chingave nani kupfuura kuwana mari uye kuva nemhuri."
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