Nerutsigiro runobva kuNational Institute of Food and Agriculture's Multi-state Research Fund, vaongorori kumayunivhesiti gumi nemanomwe ekupa nyika vari kushanda pamwechete kugadzira otomatiki masisitimu anoshanda nemazvo kune zvirimwa zvinonyanya kushanda nesimba zvakaita semichero, miriwo, nzungu dzemiti, uye zvidyarwa. . Maitiro emubatanidzwa wenyika dzakawanda anosimudza mutoro wekutsvagisa nekusimudzira kubva kuchikamu chimwe chezvirimwa zvemhando yepamusoro uye inosimudzira kufambira mberi kukuru.
Otomatiki iri kubatsira indasitiri yezvirimwa yakasarudzika kukunda kushomeka kwevashandi, sarudzo-tune manejimendi, kuchengetedza zviwanikwa uye kusangana nekukura kuri kuda. Zvinoenderana neiyo USDA Agriculture Innovation Agenda, kufambira mberi mune tekinoroji yekukura, kukohwa, kubata, uye kugadzirisa kuri kuunza mari yakakosha yevarimi nevatengi, uku ichivandudza kusimba.
Masayendisiti epaYunivhesiti yeFlorida akagadzira robhoti rinoverenga uye rinomepu michero pamiti yemirasi, uye vaongorori veYunivhesiti yeCalifornia-Davis vakagadzira ngoro dzekunhonga michero dzine zviridzwa zvinomepu michero yemumunda wemichero. Aya maotomatiki maturusi akabatsira varimi kuona kana uye kupi nyaya dzekugadzira dzinomuka, kuti vakwanise kuita sarudzo dzakanangwa, dzinoshanda dzekutonga. Kufungidzira kwegoho chaiko kwakakoshawo pakuronga michina yekukohwa uye kuita sarudzo dzekutengesa.
Otomatiki kuona chirwere uye manejimendi matekinoroji anogona kudzikisira kurasikirwa kwechirimwa. Semuenzaniso, masayendisiti eIowa State University ari kutungamira kugadzira tekinoroji inoderedza kunyura kwemishonga yezvipembenene. Washington State University masayendisiti akagadzira drones kudzivirira shiri dzinodya nekukuvadza zvirimwa zvemichero. Uye, midziyo inobatwa nemaoko yakagadzirwa neYunivhesiti yeHawaii vaongorori inopa varimi vekofi nzira isingadhure yekuona kushushikana kwemvura yeshizha uye nekunatsiridza kudiridza.
Kukunda kushomeka kwevashandi uye kuderedza mutengo wevashandi, Washington State University masayendisiti akagadzira robhoti twining muchina wehops, uye vaongorori vepaYunivhesiti yeGeorgia vari kunatsiridza matekinoroji anokwanisika kukohwa kwakanaka kweblueberry. Nzira itsva yekuchekerera miti inokurudzirwa nePennsylvania State University Extension inogona kucheka nguva yekuchekerera nezvikamu makumi mana nezviviri kubva muzana uye kuchengetedza $42 paeka. Automation inogonawo kuita kuti basa rishaye njodzi. Semuyenzaniso, mudziyo wekubatsira kukohwa wakagadzirwa kuPenn State wakabvisa manera kudonha uye wakaderedza nguva yevanhonga maapuro inopedzwa mukusagadzikana, kune njodzi kubva pa136% kusvika 65% yenguva yekunhonga.
Automation haizokurumidza kutsiva ziso rine tarenda revarimi vane tarenda, asi matekinoroji aya anoderedza mitengo, anovandudza mhando, uye nekuona kugutsikana kwevatengi, uku achibvisa dzimwe njodzi dzehutano hwepapurazi, kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Dzidza zvakawanda nezve iyi USDA-NIFA inotsigirwa purojekiti: W2009: Integrated Systems Tsvagiridzo neKuvandudza muOtomatiki uye Sensor yeKugara Kwekukosha Zvirimwa (2013-2018).
Tsvagiridzo iyi inotsigira "value-added innovation" dingindira rakatsanangurwa mu USDA Sainzi Blueprintuye inotiswededza pedyo nekuzadzisa zvinangwa zvakarongwa mukati USDA's Agriculture Innovation Agenda.
Kufambira mberi mune tekinoroji, otomatiki, uye kure sensing inzira yekuyambuka, yakakura kufamba musainzi inokanganisa kurima kunotsanangurwa mu USDA Sainzi Blueprint (PDF, 2.6 MB). Sayenzi Blueprint inotungamira USDA zvesainzi zvekutanga kwemakore mashanu anotevera, kuvaka kubva pakubudirira kwakapfuura. Zvichienderana nezvimwe zvirimwa, zvirimwa zvakawanda zvehunyanzvi zvinonyanya kutsamira pabasa rekurima pakugadzira, kukohwa, nekugadzirisa. Ichi chikamu chemablog akateedzera anosimbisa mari yekutsvagisa kusimudzira otomatiki uye mechanization yezvirimwa zvakakosha.
-Sara Delheimer, NIFA-inotsigirwa neMultistate Research Fund Impacts Chirongwa mu Tsvakurudzo neSainzi
Multi-state kuedza mumayunivhesiti gumi nemanomwe ekupa nyika anotarisisa otomatiki kukunda kushomeka kwevashandi, sarudzo-tune manejimendi, kuchengetedza zviwanikwa uye kusangana nekukura kuri kudiwa kwezvirimwa zvakakosha. Mufananidzo: Andre Daccache/UC Davis