Akashanda pamidziyo inodyisa mhuka dzepapurazi, kukohwa miriwo, kutsvaira macitrus kubva pasi uye nekubatsira mukugadzira huku - uye ingori rondedzero. Kuburikidza neaya mapurojekiti ese panguva yebasa rake seinjiniya wezvekurima, Dale Marshall akaisa mukuita nzira mbiri dzinokosha: kutarisa uye kugadzirisa.
Maitiro iwayo akamuita kuti aenderane nenzvimbo yake yemurimi, inoumbwa nevanhu vanoshanda zvakafanana.
“Ndozvinoita varimi nemaprosesa. Vanoti 'regai tiite iyo hafu-inch kureba' kana kuti 'ngatikurumidze izvozvo zvishoma.' Ndiwo magadzirirwo avanoita vega,” akadaro Marshall.
Marshall, 81, uyo zvino anogara kuHolt, Michigan, nemudzimai Pat, akapedza nguva yakawanda yebasa rake sainjiniya neUSDA's Agricultural Research Service, yakavakirwa pakambasi paMichigan State University. Ndichiri kuMSU, Marshall akashanda zvakanyanya pamapurojekiti emiriwo, uye dzimwe nguva aishanda pamapurojekiti emichero.
Tsika yekuchinja yakatanga kare, semudzidzi mukuru weinjiniya paMSU muna 1960, apo Marshall akabatsira nhengo yedare, Bill Stout kushandura digger yembatatisi kuita mucheki wematomatisi. Chembere yekucheka bhiti yeshuga ndiyo yaiva mavambo emuchina wekutengesa mhiripiri. Muchina iwoyo wakapihwa kuMSU, asi kazhinji zvakakwana kuchinjika kwakatanga nekufamba kunoona mumwe muchina uchishanda.
“Ndakapinda mumotokari naDr. Burton Cargill uye takatyaira kuVincennes, Indiana. Ndiko kwandakaona mucheki wangu wekutanga wekucheka magaka, Wilde akagadzirwa muBailey, Michigan. Zvino takaenderera mberi muna 1969, uye kwemakore mazhinji mushure mekuita tsvakiridzo yekucheka magaka, kwete zvakanyanya kuvandudza chikamu chekukohwa asi mukuyedza kudzikisa maronda nekutsemuka kwemichero yakakohwewa sezvaifamba nemuchina, "Marshall akadaro. .
Zvichida kubudirira kukuru kwakaitika pakugadzirwa kwemuchina wokukohwa mhiripiri.
“Taive nevarimi vakatiudza kuti vaifanira kugadzira michina kana kuti kusakwanisa kuramba vachirima mhiripiri,” akadaro Marshall.
Izvi zvakakonzera rumwe rwendo rwekuona mucheki, panguva ino ndege kuenda kuDelaware. Marshall akaona kuti muchina uyu waive nemukana, asi zvakare akagumisa kuti mhiripiri yakanga isina kukwana. Izvi zvaireva kuti yaive nguva yeimwe yeaya magadzirirwo anoita zuva reinjiniya, kana risiri basa.
“Mhiripiri yakanga isingadariki 5 kusvika ku10 muzana. Asi ndaiziva kuti kana ndaizogadzira kanongedzo kadiki, pamwe netsoka kureba, ine helix yakatenderedza, izvi zvaizokwevera mhiripiri kumusoro uye kuiunza mukukohwa chaiko. Saka takatanga kuvaka dura rekukohwa pandakadzokera kuMSU,” akadaro Marshall.
Ndipo pakapinda mupikicha wemushishi weshuga. Muchina uyu wakapihwa neindasitiri yeshuga beet kuMSU neUSDA yekutsvagisa.
"Takacheka nekucheka uye nesimbi uye nekuwedzera kugadzira mucheki," akadaro Marshall.
Pakangoitwa prototype, yaive nguva yekuedzwa kwemunda. Marshall akagovera mhodzi yemhiripiri uye, muna 1987, akatanga kudyara shanu. Vaviri vaive muMichigan uye vamwe vaive muKentucky, Oklahoma neCalifornia, kuenzanisa marudzi makumi maviri emhando dzemhiripiri uye gumi neshanu akasiyana ekukohwa. Mienzaniso iyoyo nemhedziso dzaive dzakakosha mukuvaka chakazova mucheki weBoese.
Kudyidzana kubva kuindasitiri, varimi uye vamwe vaongorori vakaramba vachibatsira mapurojekiti ekutsvagisa kufambira mberi, akadaro Marshall. Vanoshanda navo vaisanganisira USDA vatungamiriri vekutsvagisa uye vamwe vaagi mainjiniya Galen Brown naLeroy Pickett; Nhengo dzevadzidzisi veMSU Hugh Price, Bernie Zandstra naRandy Beaudry; vatungamiriri veindasitiri yepickle Bill Temple naJack Hobson; uye nyanzvi dzekutsvagisa dzakadai saEd Timm, Dick Ledebuhr, Dick Wolthuis naGary VanEe.
Marshall akaisa vadzidzi vake vazhinji kuti vashande, uye akazovaona vachive vatambi vakakosha muindasitiri yezvigadzirwa.
"Mumakore angu makumi maviri nemasere ndiri kuMSU, ndakahaya vadzidzi makumi masere nevashanu, uye mukomana vakawana ruzivo," akadaro Marshall.
Marshall akakurira papurazi muLivingston County, Michigan, uye akatora hunyanzvi hwake hwekuita zvakanyanya nekuona baba vake, avo Marshall vakatsanangura se "mugadziri wepakutanga wechero chinhu chitsva. Dai taikwanisa kuzviita nemichina, taizozvitsvaga."
Muna 1953, Marshall akapedza kosi pfupi yemavhiki masere paMSU, iyo yakaisa hwaro hwedhigirii reuinjiniya gare gare muna 1960. Chimwe chezvirongwa zvake zvikuru kwaiva kushanda naStout pakukohwa matomatisi akatorwa kubva kumugodhi wembatatisi.
Basa rake rekutanga raive kuMinnesota, achishandira Farmhand pamidziyo yepurazi, kusanganisira mabhokisi engoro dzekuzviburitsa. Kumira kwaitevera kwaive kuIndiana kweChore Nguva, inyanzvi mukudyisa huku nekudiridza michina.
Marshall akabatana neUSDA muna 1966, uye mugove wake wokutanga waiva kuFlorida kuti atange kushanda nemashizha emaranjisi akachekwa nemuchina. Chainyanya kukosha kwaiva kutsvaga nzira yekunhonga michero yakange yatobviswa nemaoko kana kuti ma mechanical shaker panguva dzakadai sekupera kwevhiki, apo vashandi vainge vasisawanikwe.
“Basa rangu raive rekugadzira muchina wekutsvaira waizotsvaira mhute kubva pasi pemapazi emiti akarembera, woiisa pakati pemutsara wozoinhonga. Taishandisa madhiramu esimbi mafiti maviri muhupamhi aive neminwe yerabha yakareba masendimita matanhatu kutsvaira muchero neauger yemamita matatu-dhayamita. Zvino, nekuda kwevhu rejecha reFlorida, zvaive nyore kuuya pamwe chete nemucheri wembatatisi uye cheni kuti utore muchero, ”akadaro Marshall.
Basa raMarshall refu paMSU rakavhiringidzwa paakapinda mutsaona yemotokari inoda kufa. USDA yakabva yafunga kuvhara chirongwa chemuriwo chakavakirwa paMSU, uye Marshall akapedzisa basa rake nekutamira kuGeorgia kunoshanda mukudzinga huku dzebroiler. Basa iroro rakatora mwedzi 20, uye Marshall akazorega basa muna 1999. VaMarshall vakagara muGeorgia kwemakore 10 vasati vadzokera kuMichigan.
Pakati pezvishongedzo zvakasimwa kunze kwemusha wavo muHolt pane zvirimwa zviviri zverhubarb, zvinoratidza kufarirwa kwehupenyu hwese naMarshall uye kushanda nemuriwo. Mukupera kwema1970, indasitiri yerhubarb yakakumbira rubatsiro nemuchina wekukohwa, uye Marshall akatanga kugadzirazve muchina wekuyedza wakapihwa neindasitiri yemapikicha. Marshall nechikwata chake vakabudirira kugadzira muchina waizocheka rhubarb petioles nemashizha akabatanidzwa. Disiki rakachekwa raibvisa mashizha, nepo petioles ichidonha mubhini. Wilde akazogadzira chinokohwewa uye akachigadzirira kutumira kune murimi wekuMichigan kunonhonga kwekudonha.
"Uye ipapo murimi akasiya kurima rhubarb, nekuti akawana chimwe chinhu chinobatsira pamunda wake: mafuta," akadaro Marshall. “Saka zvapedza. Mamwe makohwi matatu akavakwa, asi hapana ari kushandiswa.”
Sezvo ndakakurira papurazi rezvirimwa nezvipfuwo, kushanda nemichero nemiriwo rakanga riri denho itsva uye inofadza.
“Dai taive neruzivo, taiedza kuona kuti chirimwa ichi chakapona here neongororo yatakaita. Vanhu vakati, 'oh, muri kushanda pakuvandudza goho.' Ndingati kwete, kwaive kuyedza kuchengetedza mhando yechirimwa, kuyedza kudzikisa kuputsika kwechigadzirwa, mabrasion uye mavanga. ” Marshall akadaro. “Kutsvaga nzira itsva dzekukohwa nekubata pamwe chete nemayunivhesiti, maindasitiri, mapurosesa, varimi nevadzidzi ndiwo wakaita kuti tibudirire. Kushanyira vatsvakurudzi vokune dzimwe nyika kwaikoshawo. Zvaifadza kushanda nevashandi muindasitiri yemichero nemiriwo.”
Basa raMarshall rakabatana nemabviro eThe Vegetable Growers News.
“Mumakore ekutanga eThe Vegetable Growers News, zvaive zvakajairika kuti Barry Brand, muparidzi wekutanga, andifonere na9 kana 10 pm kuti andiverengere nyaya yake yaizotsikirira zuva raitevera, kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti ane chokwadi chese. chokwadi, "Marshall akadaro.
- Lee Dean, director director