Varimi veStrawberry vava nemahara emahara ekushandisa nharembozha yekufembera kufukidzwa kwepfapfaidzo kurwisa twupukanana twuviri-mavara spider mite, lygus bugs uye leafrollers, nekuda kwechirongwa chemakore matatu chekubatana chinosanganisira UC Davis yezvekurima entomologist. Christian Nansen uye akati wandei UC Davis komputa sainzi majors.
"Mazhinji akasiyana anozivikanwa anokanganisa kufukidzwa kwekupfapfaidza muminda yezvirimwa," akadaro Nansen, mumwe purofesa muUC Davis Dhipatimendi reEntomology uye Nematology akadaro. “Izvi zvinosanganisira kumhanya kwetirakita, zviputi zvekupfapfaidza, vhoriyamu yekupfapfaidza, kureba kwebhoom, adjuvant, uye mamiriro ekunze. Asi ndedzipi dzakanyanya kukosha? Uye pane kudyidzana kunobvira here pakati pemamwe aya akasiyana?"
Through Smart Spray, chirongwa chakagadzirirwa ese ari maviri iOS uye Android mafoni, varimi vanogona kukwidziridza uye kuita kudzora kwemhando yemishonga yekupfapfaidza zvipembenene muminda yavo yemastrawberry, Nansen akadaro.
Sainzi yekombuta mukuru Krishna Chennapragada, zvino alumnus, akatanga chirongwa uye dhizaini yekutanga, achiverengera maawa angasvika mazana mashanu asati apedza kudzidza. Chikwata chanhasi, kuwedzera kwaNansen, chinoumbwa nevanotora Gabriel Del Villar, akapedza kudzidza sainzi yekombuta muna 500, naAlexander Recalde, mukuru mukuru musainzi yekombuta. Pamwe chete vakaunganidza maawa anoda kusvika 2019 pabasa racho.
"Chirongwa ichi chine maitiro akawanda," akadaro Nansen, achiwedzera "Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru pamusoro peUC Davis ndechekuti zvipingamupinyi pakati pemakoreji zvakanyanya, hazvina kudzika."
Masayendisiti epakombiyuta "haana ruzivo mune zvekurima asi vanofarira chaizvo chirongwa ichi uye kuti vanogona sei kubatsira mukugadzirwa kwechikafu kwakasimba," akadaro Nansen, achiwedzera "Ivo vakanaka chaizvo. Tinoda vanhu vane hunyanzvi hwavo uye basa ravari kuita rinosimudzirawo basa ravo.”
The Smart Spray app, vakadaro, inobvumira mushandisi kufanotaura kufukidzwa kwepfapfaidzo pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekushanda, anosanganisira mhando yemanozzles, vhoriyamu yekupfapfaidza, uye kumhanya kwetirakita, pamwe nedata remamiriro ekunze, senge tembiricha, hunyoro hwehukama nemhepo. Chikamu chakakosha chechiitiko ichi: mushandisi anoisa kadhi rinonzwa mvura mumunda pamberi pekupfapfaidza application, anoitora, uye oisa muapp.
"Kana uri murimi, unogona kutarisira kuti paunobuda kunopfapfaidza, kuti kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge wawana," Nansen akadaro. "Asi, semuenzaniso, kana mhepo yakanyanya kusimba, hukama hwevanhu hwakadzikira, kudzvanywa kwakanyanyisa, kana kuti uri kukurumidza - kunyangwe uchimwaya mavhoriyamu makuru - unogona kuwana kuvharika kwakanyanya uye zvinodhura. Kupfapfaidza kwakawandisa kunogonawo kusvika kune mamwe minda kana budiriro yemadhorobha nekuda kweinonzi "spray drift".
“Kazhinji, murimi anopfapfaidza marita 100 kusvika 150 paeka kana amwaya,” Nansen akatsanangura. Kadhi rinonzwa mvura rineyero, asi rinonyora bhuruu kana richidyidzana nehunyoro. “Makadhi aya ave aripo kwenguva refu,” akadaro. “Vanotengwa ne$1 pacard, kwete zvakachipa. Asi hazvidhure kana uri kushandisa zviuru zvemadhora kudzora tumbuyu. Uye makambani emishonga yezvipembenene anogona kubhadhara makadhi.”
"Iti unoda kufanotaura nezvekuvhara kwako usati wamwaya manheru ano kana mangwana," Nansen akatsanangura. “Tarirai mamiriro okunze; chii chiri kufanotaura? Zvino uchaita sei izvi? Ko kana ukapfapfaidza marita zana uye uchida kufamba mamaira maviri paawa. Iwe unoisa iyo data - uye mamwe ese anoshanda data-paSmart Spray app. Iyo inofanotaura kufukidzwa kwauchawana nemapfumbamwe akasiyana nozzles. Aya ndiwo mabhunu anoshandiswa nevarimi vestrawberry, nhamba yatakabva pazviyereso zvinosvika zviuru zvitatu mumakore matatu. Saka takaita basa rakawanda remumba pane izvi, semuenzaniso - misimboti yekupfapfaidza yakasiyana, hukuru hwakasiyana hwezvirimwa, nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa, uye pasi pemamiriro ekunze akasiyana. Takafukidza zvese zvataigona kufunga nezvazvo. Takaunganidza mvura uye data rekushanda uye takaita ongororo yekufambira mberi (yemuenzaniso).
"Uchishandisa fungidziro iyi, unogona kuzvipa zita, taura Munda 6, uye uwane iyo kubva mudura," akadaro Nansen. “Inyaya ye quality control. Icho chishandiso chekufungidzira uye kuita kutonga kwemhando. Inopa simba murimi uyewo mupfapfaidzo kuita basa riri nani. Semuyenzaniso, kana mamiriro ezvinhu akaipa uye app ichiratidza kuti kumwaya kuchashanda ne20% chete, haufanirwe kunge uchimwaya.”
"Smart Spray haingori - ndeye fungicides, herbicides, uye chero chaunoda kupfapfaidza," Nansen akadaro. “App iyi yakagadzirirwa mastrawberries; dai yaishandiswa pasoya beans, hanyanisi nekabichi, ichiri kubatsira asi chokwadi chaive chadzimwa. Zvishandiso zvinomirira: almond, pistachio uye tomato.
Masayendisiti epakombiyuta anonakidzwa nekushanda pachirongwa ichi. Recalde akapinda musangano weCentral Coast sprayers kuti ataure nezve app. “Ndakanzwa kuti 'Aa, wo, unotaridzika semudiki!' akarangarira. “Takazovaudza nezvemudziyo unobatsira uyu, nzira dzakasiyana dzingashandiswa neruzivo rwemichina mukurima. Vaifarira chaizvo kuti tekinoroji ingavandudza sei zvavari kuita. ”
Del Villar, ane zvido zvekombuta zvinosanganisirawo kudzidzisa vechidiki makodhi, akati anotarisira nechido kuita kuti Smart Spray app ive nani uye inobatsira. Achinyatsogona chiSpanish, pamwe neChirungu, anoronga kushandura purogiramu yacho muchiSpanish. Dzimwe shanduro dzemitauro dzirimowo mumabasa.
Ikozvino timu iri kutsvaga mhinduro yekuvandudza app. "Tinovimba kuti varimi vachaigamuchira," akadaro Nansen, "uye vatibatsire kutsvaga nzira dzekuivandudza."
Imwe mhinduro kubva kuna Eric Flora, budiriro yemunda wepasi rose uye maneja weCrop Enhancement, Inc., Paso Robles: “Ndinofunga kuti Smart Spray chishandiso chinobatsira zvikuru kuvarimi nevanopa mazano segwara rekusarudza mazano ekupfapfaidza, mavhoriyamu ekupfapfaidza, kumhanya kwetirakita, uye. zvimwe zvakakosha zvekuwedzera sprayer kufukidzwa. Kushandisa makadhi ekupfapfaidza ndiyo yakanakisa uye yakapusa nzira yekuziva, kana iwe uchipinda kwese kwese mugomba chaunovavarira idambudziko-kuisa makadhi uko tupukanana tunorwisa mugamuchiri anopa ruzivo rwakanyanya. "
Zvipo zveNyika, zvemubatanidzwa uye zvemaindasitiri, zvinosanganisira California Strawberry Commission uye Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative (FNRI) yeUS Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service, inobatsira mari yechirongwa ichi.
California inokura inosvika makumi masere nesere muzana emastrawberries emunyika pane angangoita 88 maeka pamhenderekedzo yeCalifornia, sekureva kweStrawberry Commission. Strawberries inowanikwa gore rose muCalifornia.
Munyika yose, kugadzirwa kwemasitrobheri kutsva kunoita avhareji ye50,000 mapaundi paeka mwaka wega wega. Varimi vanosvika mazana matatu vanorima mastrawberry vanobva kunzvimbo shanu dzakasiyana dzeCalifornia: Watsonville/Salinas, Santa Maria, Oxnard, Orange County/San Diego, neCentral Valley. Zvinosanganisira mhuri dzekurima dzemarudzi akawanda dzinokura zvose organic uye zvakajairwa sitirobheri.
Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve Smart Spray app, pinda bhuku rekushandisa pa https://bit.ly/2q3lsL3 kana kubata Nansen pa chrnansen@ucdavis.edu Kana 530-752-2728.
- Kathy Keatley Garvey, UC Davis
Mufananidzo uri pamusoro: Chikwata cheSmart Spray: nyanzvi yezvemakombiyuta Gabriel Del Villar; yezvekurima entomologist Christian Nansen uye komputa sainzi / mudzidzi Alexander Recalde. Mufananidzo: Kathy Keatley Garvey