FEFU masayendisiti akakwanisa kugadzira organic fetireza kuumbwa, iyo yakagadzirirwa kurima zvirimwa munzvimbo isina pasi. Iyo yakavakirwa pane chinhu kubva kune anfeltia algae - mugari wemugungwa wekuFar Eastern ane nhamba huru yezvinhu zvekuteedzera. Iyo inoguma yekudya kwekudya kwekudya inoswedera pedyo sezvinobvira mukuumbwa kune ivhu rechisikigo, uye yakatosimbisa kushanda kwayo panguva yekuedza kwekutanga.
Pamusoro pemvura nechiedza chezuva, zvidyarwa zvinoda kuteedzera zvinhu uye huwandu hwezvimwe zvikamu zvekusimudzira. Kuvapo kwavo kana kusavapo kunokanganisa kwete chete kukura, kuravira, kunhuwa uye ruvara, asiwo huwandu hwevhithamini huri muchero. Zvinotendwa kuti mumamiriro ezvinhu echisikigo zvinhu zvose zvinodiwa zvemuti zvinotorwa kubva muvhu nemvura yakasikwa.
Nekudaro, kuti vape nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda chikafu, uko kune ivhu rakaorera kushoma, vanhu vanofanirwa kushandisa kurima miriwo yakawanda munzvimbo yekugadzira. Isu tiri kutaura nezve hydroponics - yepamusoro-tech masisitimu umo mapfuti anogamuchira chikafu kwete kubva muvhu, asi kubva kune mhinduro yakatenderedza midzi. Nenzira yakanaka, kuumbwa kwayo kunofanira kunge kwakafanana sezvinobvira kune ivhu rechisikigo uye panguva imwe chete kuva nekugadzikana pedyo nemvura, kuitira kuti usavhara mafiritsi akawanda nemapombi ayo mhinduro inotenderera.
Chirevo: organic VS mineral fertilizer
Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekutevedzera ivhu microelements. Yokutanga ndeyekubatsirwa kwemamineral additives, ayo anogadzirwa nemakemikari. Kune rimwe divi, iri nyore uye yakachipa sarudzo yekugadzira yakaoma yezvinhu zvinodiwa pazvirimwa. Kune rumwe rutivi, zviratidzo zvekuravira zvezvibereko zvakakura pamafetiraiza akadaro zvinogona kunge zvakaderera zvakanyanya kune miriwo inorimwa muvhu rechisikigo, sezvo kuumbwa kwezvinowedzera zvishoma.
Yechipiri nzira ndeye organic fertilizer, iyo ine hwaro hwechisikigo uye inogadzirwa kubva kune zvakasikwa zvigadzirwa. Vanokutendera kuti uwedzere zvirimwa nezvinhu zvinodiwa, uchichengetedza "zvakasikwa" zvinonaka uye kunhuwa. Zvisinei, "organic matter" yakaoma kuwana muchimiro chemvura, inogonawo kunge iine hutachiona uye tsvina, saka inoshandiswa zvishoma mu hydroponic systems - inodhura uye isingabatsiri pamwero mukuru wemabhizinesi.
Kuti uwane yakagadziridzwa kuravira zvivakwa, cocktails yemaminerari uye organic fetiraiza anoshandiswa mu hydroponics, ayo anosanganiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana. Kubudirira kwekuumbwa kwakadaro kwakakwirira, zvisinei, mari yefetereza yemabhizimisi eRussia inowanzokwirira kudarika mineral, sezvo zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobva kune dzimwe nyika.
Yakachipa, yakakura, inonaka
Pasinei nematambudziko ari pamusoro apa, masayendisiti eFEFU akakwanisa kugadzira zvikamu zve organic fertilizer kubva kune anfel algae yakagadzirirwa hydroponic systems. Chigadzirwa chinoguma, mukuwedzera kune huwandu hukuru hwezvikafu, yakazara nefulvic acid - yakasikwa conductor yetrace elements kune masero emidzi yemiti. Fetereza ine yakanaka yekusefa zvinhu uye yakafanana mukuenderana kune soy muto. Kugadzirira kwakakosha kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira uye imwezve hurongwa hwekubvisa kwe ultrasonic inobvumira kusabvisa hutachiona. Iko kunobva kwakachengeteka uye kunoshanda kwekudya kwekudya kunonatswa mumvura muchiyero che1 kusvika ku100 kana 1 kusvika ku300, zvichienderana nezvirimwa.
“Ongororo idzi dzakatoratidza kuti maumbirwo efotereza pari zvino haasi pasi pakuita zvakanaka kana achienzanisa nefetereza yepamusoro. Saladhi inorimwa pachigadzirwa chedu inofananidzwa muhukuru neyakakura pane inotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Panguva imwecheteyo, mari yefetereza yedu yakaderera, uye kukosha kwemiriwo kuchava kwakakwirira, sezvo ichivaka muviri uye yemhando yepamusoro,” akadaro Alexey Belov, maneja wepurojekiti, Ph.D., Purofesa weDhipatimendi re Kuongorora uye Kuvandudzwa kweGeo-Zviwanikwa paFEFU Polytechnic Institute.
Sekureva kwesaenzi, kuyedza nemhinduro yezvikafu zvakawanikwa zviri kuenderera mberi, uye kuumbwa kwemuenzaniso weindasitiri kuchagadziridzwa nenzira yekuti ienderane nekubudirira kwehupfumi hwemamineral fertilizer.
Pamusoro pezvo, boka revasaenzi pamwe chete nevadzidzi vari kudzidza mabatiro ezvimwe zvinhu zvinoteedzera pane organoleptic zvimiro zvezvirimwa. Vatsvagiri vari kuyedza kugadzira kuumbwa kwakaringana kwezvinhu zvinopa miriwo bhenefiti huru.
Iri kudiwa zvese muArctic uye muchadenga
Sekureva kwevamiriri vepurojekiti, organic hydroponics inzira inovimbisa kwete chete kune yakakura greenhouses. Musika wakakura wemafetireza akadaro zvinhu zviri kure, semuenzaniso, nzvimbo dzekuchinja, nzvimbo dzevaongorori vepolar, zvikepe zvekureba. Pano, kudiwa kwemiriwo mitsva kunogona kuvharwa nerubatsiro rwe modular containers-greenhouses, izvo zvinokutendera iwe kukura miriwo mitsva muhuwandu hwakakwana. Zvinyorwa zvezvidiki zvakadaro zve hydroponic complexes zvinofanirwa kuve zvakaenzana sezvinobvira kuitira kuti vagari vemumisha iri kure nemabhizinesi vagone kusiyanisa kudya kwavo nemiriwo inonaka uye inovaka muviri.
Imwe nzvimbo huru ndeyekupihwa kwechikafu kune zviteshi zvemuchadenga nenguva yekugara. Hydroponics haigone kungovhara kudiwa kwemiriwo mitsva, asi zvakare kudzoreredza kushushikana kwevazivi venyeredzi, avo vanonyanya kufadzwa kuona zvirimwa mhenyu kure nenyika yavo yekumba. Nechekare nhasi, masangano emuchadenga kutenderera pasirese ari kuisa mari yakawanda mukuvandudza masisitimu emagetsi emakoloni paMars uye mamishini emuchadenga kwenguva refu. Sekureva kwaAlexey Belov, chimwe chezvigadzirwa zviri kugadzirwa paFEFU zvichange zvakanangana nekugadzira zvigadziriso zvinovaka muviri zvezvivakwa zviri kure.
"Kana zvasvika kune hydroponics masisitimu enguva refu nzvimbo mishoni, mubvunzo we organic fetereza wakaoma kwazvo. Munhu anogona kudya miriwo isina kuenzana yakasimwa pamakemikari fetiraiza kwemwedzi mishoma pasina kusagadzikana kwakanyanya. Asi kana rwendo rwemuchadenga ruchizogara kwemakumi emakore, saka hutano hwakanaka uye hwepamusoro hunodiwa pano, "akadaro maneja weprojekiti.
Yeuka kuti kuvandudzwa kwemhando itsva dze organic fertilizer muFEFU kunoitwa mukati mehurongwa hwe "Priority 2030" chirongwa uye Advanced Engineering School "Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering uye Food Systems". Chinangwa chepurojekiti iyi ndechekugadzira hunyanzvi hwepasi rose-kirasi agrobioengineering CRF matekinoroji, pamwe nekugadzira inoshanda uye inodhura yechigadzirwa mutsara wefotereza kubva kune zviwanikwa zvemuno kuFar East.
Kunobva: https://poisknews.ru