Mumakore eSoviet, vatungamiriri venyika uye matunhu vakateerera zvakanyanya mukuvandudzika kwekugadzirisa ivhu. Zvisinei, pakupera kwezana remakore rapfuura, nzira yekudiridza yakambomira kushanda, kuvakwa kwezvitsva uye kugadziriswa kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa zvekare kwakamira, mazhinji emichina yekumwaya yakaraswa.
Mhosva dzenguva zhinji dzekusanaya kwemvura pakutanga kwemireniyamu itsva dzakawedzera kugadzirisa nyaya dzekudiridza kwevhu. Zvimwe pamusoro peizvi - mubvunzurudzo nemukuru we federal state budgetary institution "Tatmeliovodkhoz" Mars Hismatullin.
- Mars Mansurovich, kudzoreredza ivhu kuri kudzoka pamakumbo ayo uye kuve kiyi yekusimudzira kurima kwepamusha. Republic yedu inotaridzika sei inopesana nemamiriro emamwe matunhu?
- Tatarstan melioration system inozivikanwa neBazi rezvekurima reRussia seimwe yeakanakisa munyika. Mumakore gumi apfuura, takapa 32 zviuru mahekita eminda yekudiridza, yakagadziridza anopfuura 480 madziva ekugadzira uye zvivakwa zve hydraulic zvakavakwa kumashure mumazuva apo indasitiri yekudzorera yaitungamirwa neMutungamiri wekutanga weTatarstan Mintimer Shaimiev.
Tatarstan inzvimbo yekurima ine njodzi, uye chete matanho ekudzorera ivhu anogona kudzikisa kana zvakanyanya kudzikisa njodzi idzi. Panguva imwecheteyo, republic ine huwandu hwezvakanakira zvakakosha mukubudirira kwekuvandudza kwekugadzirisa ivhu, izvo zvisingawanikwe mune mamwe matunhu.
Chekutanga, izvi zviwanikwa zvemvura: isu tine zviuru gumi nzizi huru uye diki, pamwe neanopfuura 10 madziva uye hydraulic zvivakwa zvakavakwa. Madhamu aripo anoita kuti zvikwanisike kupa kudiridza kwemahekita anopfuura 880 zviuru zvevhu.
Uyezve, zvikamu zvose zvekuvaka uye hurongwa hwekudzidzisa vashandi vane unyanzvi vanoita basa racho zvakachengetedzwa muTatarstan. Kubatsira kwakakosha zvakare kuvepo kwechirimwa chemidziyo yekudiridza mudunhu reVysokogorsky, iyo inogadzira michina yemazuva ano inotenderera yekumwaya. Mars KHISMATULLIN, Mutungamiriri weFederal State Budgetary Institution "Tatmeliovodkhoz Management": Zvirongwa zvedunhu uye zvemubatanidzwa zvekugadzirisa ivhu zvinogona kurerutsa zvakanyanya mutoro wemari wemapurazi.
-Tingaongorora sei mupiro weTatarstan meliorators kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu uye kuwanikwa kwechikafu?
- Zvitongere iwe pachako: muna 2010 yakaoma, takanga tisina zvirimwa zvezvirimwa zvese, kunyanya mbatatisi. Republic yakamanikidzwa kuitora kubva kuBelarus, nharaunda yeKirov nedzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika. Gore ra2021 rakafanana zvakanyanya mumamiriro ekunze kusvika 2010, zvisinei, nekuda kwematanho akatorwa ekuvandudza ivhu, Tatarstan yakagamuchira goho rembatatisi raikwana kupa vagari vayo zvizere. Goho rezvimwe zvirimwa zvose munzvimbo dzinodiridzwa rakanga rakakwirira zvakapetwa katatu kana kana, uye mutengo wemutengo wakanga wakaderera nekaviri pane nguva dzose. Maererano nezvirimwa zvezviyo gore rapera, 10-12 rubles ezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakagamuchirwa kune imwe ruble yemari yekudiridza, uye zvirimwa zvemiriwo - zvinopfuura 30-40 rubles.
– Pasina kupokana, kudiridza kunowedzera pundutso yeagribusiness kakawanda. Asi chii chaive chikonzero chekumutsidzira nekusimudzirwa kwemazuva ano kwekutorwa kwevhu?
- Ehe, zvirongwa zvisati zvamboitika zvekutsigira mapurazi ari kuvandudza minda. MuTatarstan, kune republic uye federal yakanangwa zvirongwa zvinokutendera iwe kuti ubatsire zvakanyanya mutengo wemapurazi. Pamberi pekugadzira uye kufungidzira zvinyorwa, mapurazi anotsigirwa kubva kubhajeti reRepublic of Tatarstan 100 muzana yekudyara mukuvaka nekugadzirisa hydraulic zvimiro. Uye izvi zvinopiwa chete muTatarstan.
Zvakare, zvikamu makumi manomwe kubva muzana zvemitengo yekutenga michina yekudiridza neyekupomba, matsime ekuchera anopihwa mari kubva kubhajeti republic, uye 70 muzana yemari yekuisa mapaipi inobhadharwa pasi pechirongwa chemubatanidzwa. Mari yenguva imwe chete yekudzorera ivhu inodarika kudzoserwa mugore. Izvo zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa kuti iyo reclamation system ichashanda kweinenge 50-20 makore.
Nhamba dzinotevera dzinoratidza kuti zvine pundutso sei kuti varimi vashande pakudiridzira. Hekita imwe neimwe yekudiridza, kana yakavakwa kubva pakutanga, inodhura anenge 200 zviuru rubles. Tichifunga nezverubatsiro rweinenge 70 muzana, mutengo uchasvika 60 zviuru rubles. Uye kubva pahekita imwe neimwe pakukura mbatatisi, zvichienderana nehunyanzvi, tinogamuchira zvimwe zvigadzirwa muhuwandu hwe650 zviuru rubles.
Kana bhizinesi rekurima rikaisa inokwana gumi muzana yefeed wedge pakudiridza, saka rinozvipa iro rekudya mune chero gore. Kunyangwe mumakore akaoma akadai sa2010 na2021.
- Yakawanda sei zviyo zvinorimwa murepublic pakudiridza?
- Sekuziva kwangu, zvichiri zvishoma. Wekutanga akauya mupfungwa aiva murimi kubva mudunhu reTukayevsky, Mintalip Minnikhanov. Gore rakapera, maererano nechirongwa chekuchinjanisa zvirimwa, mahekita makumi matatu nemasere ezviyo akazodiridzwa. Kubva pahekita imwe neimwe, Minnikhanov akagamuchira zvigadzirwa zvinokosha zviuru makumi matanhatu zveRubles, uye mambure purofiti kunze kwemitengo yese yakasvika zviuru makumi mashanu zvemadhora pahekita. Ndiko hupfumi hwezviyo. Kana ari mbatatisi nemiriwo, akagamuchira 38 zviuru zveRubles yemari kubva pahekita, uye kazhinji - anenge 60 miriyoni rubles.
Avo vakato "edza" mapurogiramu ari kuedza kuenderera mberi nekusimudzira pamwe nemutsara wekugadzirisa ivhu. Kunyanya, Nasim Davletov, murimi kubva kumusha weVerkhny Takerman munharaunda yeMenzelinsky. Kushandisa muenzaniso wake, zviri pachena zvinogoneka kuratidzira kugona kwehupfumi kwekushandisa masisitimu esprinkler. Paanenge achidiridza, akagamuchira 80 muzana yemapatata anotengeswa - 350 quintals pahekita, mamwe ose idiki, izvo, chaizvoizvo, hazvitombobvumirwi kuchera. Zvimwe chete nemakarotsi: ndakagamuchira 610 quintals pahekita pakudiridza, uye 64 chete pasina kudiridza.
- Mintalip Minnikhanov, Nasim Davletov varimi vanozivikanwa munyika yose. Uye zviri nyore sei kuti varimiwo zvavo “vaenderane” nezvirongwa zvehurumende? Chii chinofanira kunge chiri chiyero chehupfumi kuti ubhadhare mutengo webasa rekudzorera?
– Chikero hachina basa. Kuti ubatanidze purogiramu, unoda chitubu chemvura - rwizi kana dziva. Nhasi, inenge 80 muzana yemapurazi inokwanisa kuwana mvura uye kukwanisa kunwisa dzimwe nzvimbo. Unogona kutochera tsime, asi zvinokubvumira kudiridza hekita imwe chete kana maviri.
Zvadaro, unoda chirongwa. Inowanzo kurairwa kubva kuTatmelioration Trust Company. Vashandi vane hunyanzvi vakadai vanoshanda ipapo zvekuti dhizaini uye fungidziro zvinyorwa zvakagadzirirwa navo zvinopasa bvunzo padanho remubatanidzwa nerepublic pasina matambudziko. Mari yezvinyorwa zvepurojekiti, sekutonga, inosvika kumazana mashanu kubva muzana yemutengo wekuvaka uye kuisa basa panzvimbo, nepo hafu yemitengo inotsigirwa kumapurazi mukati mehurongwa hwezvirongwa zvakanangwa.
Nekugadzirira-yakagadzirwa dhizaini uye fungidziro zvinyorwa, mapurazi anogona kunyorera kuti atore chikamu muchirongwa. Ndanga ndichishanda mumunda wekugadzirisa ivhu kweanopfuura makore makumi maviri uye handiyeuki nyaya apo bhizinesi, rine chirongwa chakagadzirirwa, harina kuchiita kana kuti mumwe munhu "akarambidzwa" kupinda muchirongwa. Nekudaro, mumakore maviri apfuura kwave nekunonoka kwehutongi - kutanga kusarudzwa kwemapurojekiti kunoitwa neBazi rezvekurima reRussia, kozoti Republican Agrarian Ministry… chikuru chandinofunga ndechekuti Hurumende inotsigira mapurazi zvakananga, ichibhadhara mari dzawo, kwete mabhanga anopa zvikwereti.
Nenzira, dhizaini uye kufungidzira zvinyorwa zvinosungirwa chete pakuvakwa kwenzvimbo huru dzekudzorera, uye mune dzimwe nguva unogona kuita pasina iyo. Kana munhu, semuenzaniso, ane dziva riri pedyo, zvakakwana kutenga pombi yemotokari, hose uye kuisa dip irrigation system. Panguva imwecheteyo, nyanzvi dzedu dzichafanirwa kuita ongororo - kusvika papi iyo michina yakasarudzwa nepurazi inonzwisisika kubva pakuona kwehupfumi uye maindasitiri. Gore rapfuura, varimi gumi nevaviri vemaberry vakatenga michina yekudzorera yedrip irrigation system uye vakadzora mari yese mumwaka mumwe chete. Semuenzaniso, Ildar Sitdikov kubva kupurazi "Berry Valley" yedunhu reZelenodolsk anogamuchira chirimwa chinoshamisa pakudiridza kwekudonha - mamirioni mashanu rubles kubva pahekita imwe neimwe.
-Ndeapi mabasa akatarisana nevakuru veTatarstan nhasi?
- Zvirongwa zveramangwana zvakanyatsojeka - mapurojekiti edu makuru akasarudzwa. Mukati mehurongwa hwechirongwa cheRepublican, 100 miriyoni rubles akagoverwa kutenga michina. Zvakare gore rino, 150 miriyoni rubles akapihwa mubhajeti republic rekuvakazve, kuvaka uye kugadzirisa madziva. Asi sezvo muganhu uyu wakanga usina kukwana, takakumbira Mutungamiri wedu kuti awedzere miganhu, uye Rustam Nurgalievich (ndinotenda zvikuru) haana kuramba uye akapa mamwe mamiriyoni makumi mashanu rubles. Saka muna Zvita, pachave neimwe sarudzo yekuwedzera yezvivakwa zvinotsigira makumi mashanu muzana emitengo yekuvaka reclamation network kuburikidza nemapaipi.
Kunobva: https://rt-online.ru