Kudyisa vanhu mabhiriyoni masere kunoda hungwaru uye hutsva. Zhenlei Xiao ishamwari purofesa mukugara muUConn's College of Agriculture, Health and Natural Resources department of Nutritional Sciences uye tsvagiridzo yake inotarisa pane tudiki, huturu, uye kukurumidza kukurumidza kukura, izvo zvinogona kubatsira mukudyisa huwandu hwevanhu vari kukura, zvese zviri zviviri. paNyika uye zvingangoitika muchadenga.
Microgreens inogona kusanganisira zvakasiyana-siyana zvemiriwo nemishonga, zvakadai searugula, broccoli, beet, uye kunyange sunflower sprouts. Aya mamicrogreens akanyatsokodzerawo kumadhorobha kurima, iyo inogona kuita basa rinokosha sezvo ivhu rinorimwa riri kuwedzera kudzvanywa nebudiriro. Vanhu vanodarika mabhiriyoni mana vanogara mumaguta, vachitora chikamu chinosvika makumi mashanu neshanu kubva muzana chehuwandu hwenyika.
Huwandu uhwu hunotarisirwa kukwira kusvika pavanofungidzirwa kuva vanomwe mugumi vanhu vanogara mumadhorobha panosvika 7. Imwe nzira yekuita magadzirirwo ezvokudya mumaguta emunguva yemberi anosimba zvikuru nokurima kwomumaguta—kurima zvokudya pedyo nepazvichadyiwa.
Xiao akasangana neUConn Nhasi kuti agoverane hunyanzvi hwake uye kukurukura kuti mamicrogreens anokwana sei mukurima kwemadhorobha uye zvirongwa zvekudya zvinogara zviripo tinoda ikozvino uye kufambira mberi mune ramangwana.
Chii chakaita kuti ufarire kudzidza microgreens?
Pandakanga ndiri Ph.D. mudzidzi paYunivhesiti yeMaryland, takabatana neUSDA Agricultural Research Service mukudzidza kudya kunovaka kwemamicrogreens kekutanga. Bepa redu rakaburitswa muna 2012 raive rekutanga kudhindwa pamusoro pehutano hwekudya kwemicrogreens.
Takaongorora huwandu hwevhithamini uye phytonutrients mumhando dze25 dzemicrogreens uye tikazvienzanisa nedheta yemiti yavo yakakura mu USDA Nutrient Database (yava kunzi FoodData Central), uye zvinoshamisa kuti takaona kuti microgreens yakanga yakawanda-inovaka muviri, ichienzaniswa ne. shamwari dzavo dzakura.
Pashure paikoko, kwakanga kune zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakaitiswa ndokubudiswa. Kunyangwe NASA yakatanga zvidzidzo zvemicrogreen makore akati wandei apfuura, nekuti ivo vanoda kurima diki diki muchadenga kuti vape izvo zvine hutano-dense chikafu chekudya kune vemuchadenga, izvo zvinonakidza.
Ndeapi mamwe mabhenefiti emicrogreens uye hunhu hunovaita kuti vafadze kurima kwemadhorobha?
Hunhu hwekudya kwepamusoro ndiyo nhamba yekutanga kubatsirwa kwemicrogreens, asi kune akawanda akawanda hunhu hwakanaka; semuenzaniso, chikamu chekunzwa. Microgreens inogona kupa huwandu hwakawanda hwemavara, maumbirwo, maumbirwo, uye zvinonaka. Kunyangwe iwo ari madiki muhukuru, akasimba muruvara uye nekunaka. Inogona kushandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzechikafu, senge saladhi, soup, kana sandwich, kana kungozvishandisa pakushongedza kwendiro.
Pane zvikonzero zvishoma nei mamicrogreens akakodzera kurima kwemadhorobha. Kutanga, vane pfupi pfupi yekugadzira kutenderera. Kazhinji, microgreens inogona kukohwa mukati memazuva manomwe kusvika ku21, iyo ipfupi zvikuru kana ichienzaniswa nemashizha ane mashizha akakura. Chechipiri, zviri nyore kurima uye hazvidi mafetireza kana mishonga yezvipembenene nekuda kwekukura kwenguva pfupi. Chechitatu, iyo inokura sisitimu iri nyore kumisikidza. Isu tinokwanisa kurima zviri nyore kumba, zvakare.
Sezvatinoziva, ivhu rekurima riri kuramba richipera izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kukura uye kudya kwechikafu chinorimwa. Neraki, kune dzimwe nzira dzakawanda dzatinogona kurima madiki madiki, senge hydroponic, aeroponic, uye aquaponic.
Mupepa redu razvino mu Ikozvino Maonero muSainzi Yekudya, takataura kuti ma hydrogels anogona kunge ari chizvarwa chinotevera chekukura kwe substrate ye microgreens nekuda kwehuwandu hwekubata mvura, saka varimi vanongoda kunwisa kamwe chete pakutanga. Tiri kuita tsvakiridzo yakawanda yekuvandudza porosity yehydrogel, saka inogona kutsigira kukura kune hutano kwemidzi nezvirimwa.
Ko microgreens inogona sei kupinda muhurongwa hwechikafu uye kurima kwemadhorobha?
Masisitimu echikafu akasimba uye kurima kwemadhorobha ndiwo mafambiro atinoda kuenda nawo senzanga! Kutanga, kurima kwemadhorobha kunogona kupa chibereko chitsva kunharaunda yenzvimbo. Chechipiri, kurima kwemaguta kunogona kupa mikana yakawanda yevarimi veko kwavanogona kukura zvakanyanya pane imwe acreage yevhu, vachishandisa mapindu emunharaunda, matenga edzimba, nzvimbo dzakasiiwa dzemiti, etc. Chechitatu, kurima kwemaguta kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya carbon footprint nekuderedza mushure mekukohwa. zvokufambisa, zvichiita kuti zvirambe zviripo.
Pane zvakawanda zvinoshamisa zviri kuitika nekurima kwemadhorobha izvozvi. Somuenzaniso, nokurima mumba kwakatwasuka, taigona kurima zvokudya zvakawanda pamunda wakafanana. Nehuwandu hwakaenzana hwechikafu, tinogona kupa hutano hwepamusoro nemamicrogreens, izvo zvinoita kuti mamicrogreens ave makwikwi makuru ekurima kwemadhorobha. Pamusoro pezvo, hupenyu hwesherufu hwemicrogreens hunowanzo hupfupi nekuda kwehunyoro uye hutete hwehunhu.
Nokudaro, inogona kukwana zvakakwana mukati kurima kwemadhorobha hurongwa hwekugadzira hune chinguva chidiki-diki kubva painorimwa ipapo painodyiwa. Uyezve, microgreens inogona kukura kubva padiki kusvika pachiyero chakakura nehunyanzvi hwepamberi, izvo zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera kune varimi vechero saizi munzvimbo dzemaguta.
Kune mamwe makambani ari kusimukira ekurima emukati anoshandisa matekinoroji matsva (seAI) kudzidzira kurima kunoenderera mberi. Semuenzaniso, aeroponic grow system inongoshandisa yakatenderedza 10% yemvura yekudiridza, zvichienzaniswa neyakasimwa muvhu, izvo zvinoshamisa zvakanyanya kubva kune inoenderera mberi.
Parizvino, vazhinji vevarimi vadiki veko vari kukura microgreens nenzira yechinyakare (matireyi, masherufu, uye mwenje). Nerutsigiro rweUSDA neUConn Extension, zvinogoneka kubatsira varimi vadiki kuti vatange kushandisa matekinoroji ane hunyanzvi kugadzira akachengetedzeka, matsva, uye ane hutano microgreens nzanga yemuno nenzira yakagadzikana.
More mashoko: Muyao Du et al, Kufambira mberi uye mafambiro ari kusimukira mukurima ma substrates ekukura mabukira uye microgreens kune kurima kwakachengeteka uye kwakasimba, Ikozvino Maonero muSainzi Yekudya (2022). DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100863