Mumwedzi misere yekutanga ya2022, kubuda kwemaminerari fertilizer muRussia kwakadzikira ne2.5% zvichienzaniswa nenguva yakafanana gore rapfuura, Teregiramu chiteshi cheGazprombank Economic Forecasting Center inoshuma, ichitaura nezve Rosstat data yakagadziridzwa kuverengera kwevatori vechikamu pamusika. Panguva imwecheteyo, kugadzirwa kwanga kuchiri kupfuura muna 2019 uye 2020 ne10.5% uye 4% zvichiteerana. Muna Ndira-Nyamavhuvhu 2022, kubuda kwemafetereza epotashi kwakadzikira zvakanyanya - ne25.1%, nitrogen fertilizer zvakare yakaderera ne6.3%, nepo kugadzirwa kweurea kwakawedzera ne6.1%, uye ammonium nitrate - ne10.1%. Fetereza inotengeswa kunze kwenyika yose yakadonha ne11%, donho guru raiva muammonium nitrate (inenge 50%), potassium chloride (ne24.8%) uye CAS (ne32.2%). Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuderera kwekudiwa muEurope uye kuoma kwezvinhu, pasinei nokuti hapana kurambidzwa kwakananga pakutenga kwemamineral fertilizer kubva kuRussia.
Sekureva kwaKommersant's interlocutors, muzhizha, vagadziri vakakosha vekuRussia vane phosphorus-ine uye nitrogen mafetiraiza akange ajaira kurambidzwa uye akawedzera zvekushandisa kune mamwe misika: Phosagro, semuenzaniso, yakadzikisira zvinhu kuEurope, asi yakawedzera kutengeswa kuIndia ne2.5 nguva. . Eurochem yakadzora zvakare zvigadzirwa kubva kumisika uko kwaive nezvipingamupinyi kune mamwe matunhu. Matambudziko makuru akamuka kuUralchem nekuda kwekuvharwa kwepombi yeTolyatti-Odessa ammonia, pamwe neUralkali, iyo inotengeswa kunze kwenyika nepakati-zhizha yakadzikira ne25-30% mushure mekuvharwa kwematanho ekuchinjisa ane kambani muBaltic States. bepanhau rinonyora.
Mumwedzi mitanhatu inotevera, bazi rinofanirwa kutarisana nekuwedzera kwemutoro wemari: mutero wekutengesa kunze kwefetereza unotarisirwa kuiswa kana mitengo yepasi rose yephosphorus nenitrogen fetereza yakadarika $500/tani, potashi - $400/tani. Uye zvakare, mitengo yegasi yevatengi vekuRussia maindasitiri inotarisirwa kunyoresa ne8.5% muna Zvita. Maererano neKommersant, pakutanga kwaNyamavhuvhu, mitengo yenyika yemaminerari fertilizer yakaramba iri pamazinga akakwirira: saka, diammonium phosphate nekutakura muBaltic inodhura $ 832 / t, potassium - $ 660 / t, urea - $ 581 / t. Muna 2023, bhajeti rekutanga rinosanganisira kubviswa kweanopfuura bhiriyoni zana rubles kubva kumakambani emakemikari nenzira yemabasa.
Executive Director weRussian Association of Fertilizer Producers (RAPU) Maxim Kuznetsov anoti musika wepamusha unogara uchinyanya kukoshesa indasitiri yeRussia mineral fertilizer. Sekutaura kwavo, mumakore manomwe adarika, varimi vakatenga zvakapetwa kaviri kutengwa kwefetereza yezvicherwa kusvika pamamiriyoni mashanu ematani efotereza yezvicherwa gore rapfuura. Pakazosvika 5, Ministry of Agriculture inofanotaura kuwedzera kwenhamba iyi kusvika 2030 miriyoni matani. "Kugadzirwa kwemhando huru yemaminerari fertilizer muRussia iri kukura: inopfuura 8.8% mumakore manomwe apfuura, kusanganisira ne30% muna 5.6," anowedzera. Mukuwedzera, maererano naKuznetsov, mumwedzi misere yekutanga ye2021, kugadzirwa kwemafuta anozivikanwa zvikuru muRussia - nitrogen uye phosphorus - yakawedzera ne2022% uye 4.2%, maererano. Uye simba rose muindastiri, sezvinotevera kubva kuRossstat data, inomanikidzwa nekudonha mukugadzirwa kwe potassium chloride - rudzi ruduku rwemafetiraiza pamusika wepamba, anotsanangura Kuznetsov.
“Nekuda kwenyaya iyi, zvinotarisirwa kuti gore rino kutengwa kwefotereza yezvicherwa muminda yekurima kunopfuura zvainge zvakafanotaurwa. Pakazosvika pakati paGumiguru, mabhizinesi eindastiri akange asvika zana muzana akasangana nezvinodiwa zveRussia agro-industrial complex yemamineral fertilizer kwegore rose ra100. matunhu," Kuznetsov akataura kune Agroinvestor. Sekureva kwake, iko zvino, maererano nekurudziro yeFAS, yakabvumirana neBazi reIndasitiri neBhizinesi, Ministry of Agriculture uye Ministry of Economic Development, mitengo yepakati yemamineral fertilizer yekurima inogadziriswa mumitemo yekutengeserana yevagadziri. uye yakatumirwa pawebhusaiti yavo yepamutemo. Zvikumbiro zvakabvumiranwa nemadhipatimendi zvinopa kuderedzwa kwemitengo yepakati muna 2022: ne2023% kubva munaChikumi 2022, ne5-1% kubva munaGunyana 5 uye ne10-1% kubva Zvita 8.4.
Sekureva kwaDmitry Rylko, Director General weInstitute of Agricultural Market Conjuncture, hazvina kukodzera kuverenga pamusoro pekuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemumba kwemamineral fertilizer: purofiti yebhizimusi rezvirimwa yakadzikira zvakanyanya, nepo mitengo yefetereza isingarambe iri pamusoro. mazinga, asi ari kukura munzvimbo dzinoverengeka. Zvakare, shanduko yekuchinja haizoitike munzira dzekutengesera kunze, sezvo misika yese yakatoumbwa, kunyangwe kudzoreredzwa kwezvekushandisa kuchiri kuitika, akaudza Agroinvestor.
Mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wesangano reRussian Grain Union (RZS) VaAlexander Korbut vanotenda kuti kune nyika dziri kuda kuwedzera kutengwa kwefotereza, asi mubvunzo ndewekuti “dzinofanirawo kuva nemari. Vagadziri veRussia vachakwanisa kupinda mumisika mitsva, asi zvinotora nguva. Zvichakadaro, zvirango zvisina kurongwa zviri kushanda uye zvine mhedzisiro yakaipa pazvinhu zvinopihwa kune dzimwe nyika dzinotenga, anodaro.
Sekureva kwaKorbut, kune tarisiro yekukura kwepasi rose mukushandiswa kwefetereza: kukohwa kukuru kunodiwa, uye mumamiriro ezvinhu epasi shoma uye zviwanikwa zvemvura, nyika haigone kuita pasina mineral fertilizer mumakumi emakore anotevera, kunyangwe mitemo yezvakatipoteredza yedzimwe nyika dzinoomerera kupfungwa yokuderedza kushandiswa kwadzo. Kukura kwekushandiswa kwefetereza kunogonekawo muRussia, asi kushandiswa kwemaminerari emazuva ano kunotemerwa nedanho retekinoroji yemapurazi, uye izvi zvinoda hutsva hunotemerwa nekudyara, izvo zvinoenderana nemari inowanikwa. "Uye mutemo wazvino wehurumende maererano nekurima zvirimwa, kunyanya varimi vezviyo nembeu dzemafuta, nezvirambidzo pakutengesa kunze uye mari yevarimi vekurima, hazvivakurudzire mubudiriro yetekinoroji," Korbut akadaro kuna Agroinvestor.
VaAlexander Nezhenets, General Director weProgress agrofirm (Krasnodar Territory), vanoti mari yedzimwe mhando dzefetereza yakakwira zvakanyanya. Kunyanya, ammophos ikozvino inodhura 61.5 zviuru zveRubles / tani (muna 2021, kambani yakatenga iyo kwemwaka miviri inodarika kaviri yakachipa), uye nitrogen fetereza yakakwira mutengo ne20%, nepo CAS yaGumiguru isingagone kuodha. Asi zvisinei nekuomerwa kwese, anoenderera mberi achiti, Budiriro ichawedzera kuiswa kwefotereza, sezvo kambani iyi iri kuedza kuwana goho guru.
Tver Agro-Industrial Company haisati yatenga fetereza: gore rapfuura, munhu wese akatenga mukudonha, izvo zvakaita kuti pave nekumhanyisa, uye mamwe marudzi efotereza aive asingagone kutenga, nepo muchirimo matambudziko akadaro aive asina. kwenguva refu yakacherechedzwa. "Kuwanda kwekushandisa kunoenderana nezvatichaita nekudyara: nemitengo yezviyo iripo, isu hatingaite kudyara kwechirimo. Zvino, saizvozvo, mafetireza haadiwe," Konanykhin akapedzisa.
Kunobva: https://www.agroinvestor.ru/